Storytelling Apes

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Mary Sanders Pollock. Storytelling Apes
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STORYTELLING APES
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In Darwin’s view, then, it matters less how many millet seeds it takes to fill up a brain case than how the brain—or any other organ—works. In The Descent of Man, Darwin begins with taxonomy and morphology, but most of his additions to Huxley’s work on nonhuman primates are physiological rather than morphological details. In his discussion of skin and hair, for instance, Darwin suggests that the relative scarcity of hair on human bodies evolved partly as a result of sexual selection and perhaps also because relative hairlessness helps humans remain free of parasites (a function of social grooming among other primates).
One of Darwin’s sources of information for The Descent of Man was a study of New World monkeys made by a German physician and explorer of Paraguay, Johann Rudolph Rengger, whose interests, like Darwin’s, lay in function and behavior over form. Against the trend of the time, and in spite of obstacles, Rengger made keen observations about the behavior of capuchin monkeys and speculated about their physiological processes. Citing Rengger, Darwin argues that close ties between humans and other primates are strongly suggested by these monkeys’ susceptibility to human diseases—bad colds, tuberculosis, “apoplexy, inflammation of the bowels, and cataract in the eye. The younger ones when shedding their milk-teeth often died from fever.”15 More interesting than these maladies is the monkeys’
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