Storytelling Apes

Storytelling Apes
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The annals of field primatology are filled with stories about charismatic animals native to some of the most challenging and remote areas on earth. There are, for example, the chimpanzees of Tanzania, whose social and family interactions Jane Goodall has studied for decades; the mountain gorillas of the Virungas, chronicled first by George Schaller and then later, more obsessively, by Dian Fossey; various species of monkeys (Indian langurs, Kenyan baboons, and Brazilian spider monkeys) studied by Sarah Hrdy, Shirley Strum, Robert Sapolsky, Barbara Smuts, and Karen Strier; and finally the orangutans of the Bornean woodlands, whom Biruté Galdikas has observed passionately. Humans are, after all, storytelling apes. The narrative urge is encoded in our DNA, along with large brains, nimble fingers, and color vision, traits we share with lemurs, monkeys, and apes. In Storytelling Apes , Mary Sanders Pollock traces the development and evolution of primatology field narratives while reflecting upon the development of the discipline and the changing conditions within natural primate habitat. Like almost every other field primatologist who followed her, Jane Goodall recognized the individuality of her study animals: defying formal scientific protocols, she named her chimpanzee subjects instead of numbering them, thereby establishing a trend. For Goodall, Fossey, Sapolsky, and numerous other scientists whose works are discussed in Storytelling Apes , free-living primates became fully realized characters in romances, tragedies, comedies, and never-ending soap operas. With this work, Pollock shows readers with a humanist perspective that science writing can have remarkable literary value, encourages scientists to share their passions with the general public, and inspires the conservation community.

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Mary Sanders Pollock. Storytelling Apes

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STORYTELLING APES

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In Darwin’s view, then, it matters less how many millet seeds it takes to fill up a brain case than how the brain—or any other organ—works. In The Descent of Man, Darwin begins with taxonomy and morphology, but most of his additions to Huxley’s work on nonhuman primates are physiological rather than morphological details. In his discussion of skin and hair, for instance, Darwin suggests that the relative scarcity of hair on human bodies evolved partly as a result of sexual selection and perhaps also because relative hairlessness helps humans remain free of parasites (a function of social grooming among other primates).

One of Darwin’s sources of information for The Descent of Man was a study of New World monkeys made by a German physician and explorer of Paraguay, Johann Rudolph Rengger, whose interests, like Darwin’s, lay in function and behavior over form. Against the trend of the time, and in spite of obstacles, Rengger made keen observations about the behavior of capuchin monkeys and speculated about their physiological processes. Citing Rengger, Darwin argues that close ties between humans and other primates are strongly suggested by these monkeys’ susceptibility to human diseases—bad colds, tuberculosis, “apoplexy, inflammation of the bowels, and cataract in the eye. The younger ones when shedding their milk-teeth often died from fever.”15 More interesting than these maladies is the monkeys’

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