The Evolution of Everything: How Small Changes Transform Our World
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Matt Ridley. The Evolution of Everything: How Small Changes Transform Our World
How Small Changes Transform Our World
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PROLOGUE. The General Theory of Evolution
1. The Evolution of the Universe
The Lucretian heresy
Newton’s nudge
The swerve
Pasta or worms?
No need of that hypothesis
The puddle that fits its pothole
Thinking for ourselves
2. The Evolution of Morality
How morality emerges
Better angels
Doux commerce
The evolution of law
3. The Evolution of Life
Hume’s swerve
Darwin on the eye
Pax optica
Astronomical improbability?
Doubting Darwin still
Gould’s swerve
Wallace’s swerve
The lure of Lamarck
Culture-driven genetic evolution
4. The Evolution of Genes
All crane and no skyhook
On whose behalf?
Junk is not the same as garbage
Red Queen races
5. The Evolution of Culture
The evolution of language
The human revolution was actually an evolution
The evolution of marriage
The evolution of cities
The evolution of institutions
6. The Evolution of the Economy
Human action, but not human design
Imperfect markets are better than no markets
Invisible hands
Diminishing returns?
Innovationism
Adam Darwin
The mighty consumer
An alternative to Leviathan
7. The Evolution of Technology
Inexorable technological progress
The sea fashions boats
Patent scepticism
Copying is not cheap
Science is the daughter of technology
Science as a private good
8. The Evolution of the Mind
The heretic
Seeking homunculus
The astonishing hypothesis
The illusion of free will
Responsibility in a world of determinism
9. The Evolution of Personality
Powerless parents
The status quotient
Intelligence from within
The innateness of sexuality
The evolution of homicide
The evolution of sexual attraction
10. The Evolution of Education
The Prussian model
Crowding out private schools
Innovation in education
The technology of education
Indoctrination continues
Education to deliver economic growth
11. The Evolution of Population
The Irish application of the theory
Nationalising marriage
Sterilisation begins
Justifying murder
Population again
Population blackmail
The population sceptics
The Western origins of the one-child policy
12. The Evolution of Leadership
The emergent nature of China’s reform
Mosquitoes that win wars
Imperial chief executives
The evolution of management
The evolution of economic development
The evolution of Hong Kong
13. The Evolution of Government
The evolution of government in prison
The evolution of protection rackets into governments
The libertarian Levellers
Commerce as the midwife of freedom
Free trade and free thinking
The counter-revolution of government
Liberal fascism
The libertarian revival
Government as God
14. The Evolution of Religion
The predictability of gods
The evolution of the prophet
The cult of cereology
The temptations of superstition
Vital delusions
The climate god
The weather gods
15. The Evolution of Money
The Scottish experiment
Malachi Malagrowther to the rescue
Financial stability without central banks
The China price
How much was Fannie’s fault?
The evolution of mobile money
16. The Evolution of the Internet
The balkanisation of the web
The bizarre evolution of blockchains
The mysterious founder
Blockchains for all
Re-evolving politics
EPILOGUE. The Evolution of the Future
FOOTNOTES
SOURCES AND FURTHER READING. Prologue: The General Theory of Evolution
Chapter 1: The Evolution of the Universe
Chapter 2: The Evolution of Morality
Chapter 3: The Evolution of Life
Chapter 4: The Evolution of Genes
Chapter 5: The Evolution of Culture
Chapter 6: The Evolution of the Economy
Chapter 7: The Evolution of Technology
Chapter 8: The Evolution of the Mind
Chapter 9: The Evolution of Personality
Chapter 10: The Evolution of Education
Chapter 11: The Evolution of Population
Chapter 12: The Evolution of Leadership
Chapter 13: The Evolution of Government
Chapter 14: The Evolution of Religion
Chapter 15: The Evolution of Money
Chapter 16: The Evolution of the Internet
Epilogue: The Evolution of the Future
INDEX
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
By the same author
About the Publisher
Отрывок из книги
Cover
Title Page
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Briefly in the late twentieth century, some astronomers bought into a new skyhook called the ‘anthropic principle’. In various forms, this argued that the conditions of the universe, and the particular values of certain parameters, seemed ideally suited to the emergence of life. In other words, if things had been just a little bit different, then stable suns, watery worlds and polymerised carbon would not be possible, so life could never get started. This stroke of cosmic luck implied that we lived in some kind of privileged universe uncannily suitable for us, and this was somehow spooky and cool.
Certainly, there do seem to be some remarkably fortuitous features of our own universe without which life would be impossible. If the cosmological constant were any larger, the pressure of antigravity would be greater and the universe would have blown itself to smithereens long before galaxies, stars and planets could have evolved. Electrical and nuclear forces are just the right strength for carbon to be one of the most common elements, and carbon is vital to life because of its capacity to form multiple bonds. Molecular bonds are just the right strength to be stable but breakable at the sort of temperatures found at the typical distance of a planet from a star: any weaker and the universe would be too hot for chemistry, any stronger and it would be too cold.
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