The Metamorphoses of Kinship
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Maurice Godelier. The Metamorphoses of Kinship
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The Metamorphoses of Kinship
Maurice Godelier
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In Baruya society, kin groups are formed according to a rule of descent that passes exclusively through the male side and creates patrilineal lineages and clans. This does not mean that a child’s maternal kin do not matter or have no rights in relation to the child. It means that the names, lands, ranks or statuses a child will receive over his lifetime come from his ancestors through his father and his father’s brothers (who are also fathers for him and are designated by the same term, in accordance with the Iroquois-type kinship terminology used by the Baruya). Genealogical memory does not go back more than three, sometimes four, generations above Ego. Beyond that only a few names escape oblivion. These are the names of Great Men, legendary heroes – Bakitchatche, for example, the ancestor of the Tchatche, who while still young killed a great many Andje with the help of supernatural powers and enabled the Baruya to seize the territory of the Andje, who had taken them in and protected them. In addition, the patrilineal principle skews the lists of the most remote ancestors an individual remembers.
All of these lists begin with a man, sometimes several, listed by order of birth. Rarely is the name of a woman – a sister of one of these men – given at this level (G+5, G+4), and this woman is never the eldest. The memory of kin ties is therefore doubly marked by the patrilineal principle, which results in the almost general forgetting of the names of the women of the lineage in the great-grandparents’ generation and, furthermore, the systematic attribution of the position of eldest to a man.
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