Welcome to the Genome
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Michael Yudell. Welcome to the Genome
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
WELCOME TO THE GENOME. A User’s Guide to the Genetic Past, Present, and Future
FOREWARD: STILL, THE GENOMIC REVOLUTION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
INTRODUCTION: WELCOME BACK TO THE GENOME
REFERENCES
1 From Mendel to Molecules
IN THE ABBEY GARDEN
IN THE FLY ROOM
EUGENICS—“PREVAILING SPEEDILY OVER THE LESS SUITABLE”
“A VERITABLE ‘AVALANCHE’ OF NUCLEIC‐ACID RESEARCH”
A STRUCTURAL MILESTONE
REFERENCES
2 The Building Blocks of Gene Sequencing
RESEARCH MILESTONE 1: INVENTION OF DNA SEQUENCING TOOLS
RESEARCH MILESTONE 2: DECIPHERING THE GENETIC CODE
RESEARCH MILESTONE 3: SYNTHESIZING DNA
RESEARCH MILESTONE 4: SEEING GENES
RESEARCH MILESTONE 5: COPYING DNA
RESEARCH MILESTONE 6: SEQUENCING A VIRAL GENOME
RESEARCH MILESTONE 7: THE ULTIMATE DNA COPYING TOOL
REFERENCES
3 Sequencing the Genome
FROM GENE TO GENOME
THE SEQUENCE
RACING TO THE FINISH
REFERENCES
4 The Next Generation
NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING
Pyrosequencing
Sequencing by Synthesis
Real‐time Sequencing
HOW MANY GENES DO HUMANS REALLY HAVE?
REFERENCES
5 Making the Genome Safe
A SHAMEFUL PAST
PREPARING FOR THE GENOME
Genetic Discrimination
Informed Consent and Return of Results in the Genomic Age
WHAT CAN RESEARCHERS, UNIVERSITIES, AND COMPANIES DO WITH YOUR GENETIC MATERIAL?
THE ETHICS OF DTC GENETIC TESTING
WHO OWNS YOUR GENES?
MONITORING OUR GENOMIC FUTURE
PREPARING THE WORLD FOR CRISPR
THE BUSINESS OF BIOLOGY
NATURE/NURTURE
REFERENCES
6 The Meanings of Genetic Diversity: Part I
A ROGUES’ GALLERY OF COMPLETED HUMAN GENOMES
ASSESSING HUMAN VARIATION USING GENOMES
NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING USING TARGETED CAPTURE
OUR GENOMIC PLACE IN THE WORLD
A Genomic Perspective on Our Closest Living Relative
Our Closest Extinct Relatives
A Revolution in Understanding the Movement of Our Species Across the Planet and Ancestry in Our Species
REFERENCES
7 The Meanings of Genetic Diversity: Part II
THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT AND HUMAN GENETIC DIVERSITY
THE STRANGE CAREER OF SCIENTIFIC RACISM
UNDERMINING THE RACE CONCEPT
THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT AND THE FUTURE OF RACE
CONTINUED MISSTEPS OR A PATH TO THE FUTURE?
REFERENCES
8 The Tree of Life: 4 Billion Years of Divergence
INHERITING A CONTROVERSY
THE TREE OF LIFE
Rearranging Life
Prokaryotes don’t Exist!
Protists aren’t a Real Group Either
The Tree of Life is Dead; Long Live the Tree of Life
Many Genomes have Evolved as a Result of “Cannibalism”
Fungi are Closer to us than they are to Plants
There are Many Surprises in Store for us when We Start Looking at Even More Closely Related Organisms
COMPARATIVE GENOMICS
BIODIVERSITY AND GENOMICS
Wildlife Detectives
DNA Barcoding
REFERENCES
9 Sequencing the Small and Infamous: A Look at Metagenomics and Microbiomes
WHOLE‐GENOME SEQUENCING HELPS IDENTIFY DANGEROUS MUTATIONS
MORE THAN ONE GENOME AT A TIME: MICROBIAL ECOLOGY, METAGENOMICS, AND MICROBIOMES
OMES EVERYWHERE
REFERENCES
10 The World to Come: Agriculture
GMOs: THE BASICS
RECENT CHANGES IN GENE‐BASED TECHNOLOGY FOR GENETIC MODIFICATION
SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
A PLATE FULL OF GM FOODS
Bt Corn
Roundup Ready Soy
Golden Rice
Case Studies in Controversy: GM, Science, and Speculation
Case Study 1: Potato‐Eating Rats
Case Study 2: Gilles‐Eric Séralini and Public Opinion
Case Study 3: Early Case Studies on Ecological Impact—Monarchs and Maize
Case Study 4: Caddis Flies and GMO runoff in streams
Case Study 5: Genetically Modified Crops and Their Landscapes
TRENDS IN ECONOMIC USE OF GM FOODS
ISSUES AND ETHICS: THE FOOD CHAIN AND UNINTENDED EFFECTS
LABELING GM FOODS
CHANGING ATTITUDES TOWARD GM FOOD
REFERENCES
Conclusion: Conclusion: Don’t Believe the Hype (Including Ours)
REFERENCES
INDEX
WILEY END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT
Отрывок из книги
SECOND EDITION
Rob DeSalle
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Figure 1.5 Most Drosophilia look like the red‐eyed fly on the left. Morgan’s discovery of and breeding experiments with the mutant white‐eyed variety, as seen on the right, confirmed Mendel’s basic laws and expanded them to include the linearity of genes on chromosomes.
Credit: Daniel Marenda, PhD and the Marenda Laboratory
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