Everyday Courage

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Niobe Way. Everyday Courage

About NYU Press

EVERYDAY COURAGE

Contents

Acknowledgments

Introdution

1. Interpreting Narratives

Objectivity?

Biases and Expectations: What Do We Do with Them ?

Biases in Developmental Psychology

Theory Testing

Universal Theories

Theories of Adolescence

The Decentered Experience

My Purpose, Given My Form

Practice

Questions about Power

But Were They Honest?

2. A Study of Urban Youth

The Sample

The Setting

Strategies

“The Listening Guide”

Narrative Summaries

Conceptually Clustered Matrices

“The Listening Guide” Revisited

Part I. INDIVIDUAL LIVES

3. Malcolm’s Story

Malcolm’s Freshman Year

Malcolm’s Sophomore Year

Malcolm’s Junior Year

PATTERNS

4. Voice and Silence

Girls’ Voices. Speaking Out over Time

The Variations of Voice

The Complexities of Voice. Variations across Relationships

Silencing in the Midst of Voice

Silencing with No Voice

Boys’ Voices

Silencing in Relationships

The Variations of Voice

“Speaking Out” through Violence

Reflections

5. Desire and Betrayal in Friendships

Listening to Boys. Maintaining Distrust. Malcolm

Albert

Learning Not to Trust

Marcus

Listening to Girls. Cautious Close Friendships. Marie

Sonia

Falling Out of Relationships

Felicia

Tyiesha

Reflections

6 “I Never Put Anyone in Front of My Mother”

Boys and Mothers. Jamal

Albert

Victor

Girls and Their Mothers. Marie

Chantel

Reflections

7. Maintaining a “Positive Attitude”/Fearing Death

Listening to Marie and Gayle. Marie

Gayle

Listening to Malcolm and Tyrone

Malcolm

Tyrone

Reflections

8 “Slacking Up” in School

Taking Full Blame

Balancing Perspectives

Reflections

9. Racism, Sexism, and Difference

Experiences of Discrimination

Overcoming Discrimination

A Question of Difference

Reflections

Part II. INDIVIDUAL LIVES

10. Eva’s Story

Eva’s Sophomore Year

Eva’s Junior Year

Eva’s Senior Year

Reflections on Malcolm and Eva

Epilogue

Relational Themes

Futures, Schools, and Discrimination

Concluding Reflections

Appendix A. Research Interview Protocol

Appendix B

Notes. Notes to the Introduction

Notes to Chapter 1

Notes to Chapter 2

Notes to the Introduction to Chapter 3

Notes to Chapter 3

Notes to Chapter 4

Notes to Chapter 5

Notes to Chapter 6

Notes to Chapter 7

Notes to Chapter 8

Notes to Chapter 9

Notes to Chapter 10

Notes to the Epilogue

References

Index

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Not really, ’cause there wasn’t really nobody around besides my mother’s boyfriend. He was, you know, cool and all. He liked to tell us things. He used to play with me and my sister. But besides that there was nobody else because [my mother] was always trying to do for us. She’d like come home, clean, and all that stuff. And then after a while, I just like—somehow she—I just took over that role really. I started cleaning and stuff. Trying to keep things in shape, whatever. Keep my room neat so everything would be decent.

Malcolm’s repeated stories to Mike of his duties at home suggest pride but also, perhaps, a sense of feeling overwhelmed (his frequent reference to needing “to relax” also suggest a sense of burden). The roles at home have changed since last year so that now Malcolm appears to feel more like the mother and/or father figure in the household. It is not clear from his discussions whether, for Malcolm, this apparent shift in roles (“I just took over that role”) is frustrating, enjoyable, overwhelming, or, perhaps, a mixture of all these emotions. However, he has taken on the caretaker role and he wants Mike to know this.

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