Taking the Right Road to Inclusive Growth
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Оглавление
Norio Usui. Taking the Right Road to Inclusive Growth
Taking the Right Road to Inclusive Growth
Contents
Tables and Figures
Abbreviations
Acknowledgments
Executive Summary
Introduction
Structural Transformation—Aggregate Productivity Growth
Structural Transformation—Evolution of Product Space
Service-Led Growth—Can Services Alone Drive Inclusive Growth?
Policy Options for Economic Diversification—Product Identification and Targeted Public Sector Support
Concluding Remarks
Road Map
Appendix 1. Labor Productivity, 1980–2009
Appendix 2. Labor Productivity—Manufacturing, 1980–2006
Appendix 3. Technical Notes on Key Concepts in Product Space. 1. Revealed Comparative Advantage and Diversification
2. Ubiquity and Standardness
3. Level of Sophistication (PRODY and EXPY)
4. Proximity and Path
5. Density, Open Forest, and Strategic Values
Appendix 4. PRODY–PATH Distribution
Appendix 5. Evolution of Product Space—Selected Countries, 1965–2008
Appendix 6. Investment Promotion Agencies and Incentive Packages
Appendix 7. Labor Intensities of Export Products in the Philippines
Appendix 8. List of Selected “Middle” and “Far Away” Products
Note
Отрывок из книги
Industrial Upgrading and Diversification in the Philippines
Norio Usui
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The Philippines has a long tradition of public sector support for both domestic and foreign investors, mainly through investment promotion agencies (IPAs). IPAs have provided a variety of tax incentives for investment, export, job creation, and regional development. Registered firms enjoy income tax holidays, tax-exempted import of materials and capital goods, and deduction of wage bills from taxable income. While the IPAs have supported a wide range of priority industries in the Investment Priority Plans (IPP), the country has failed to attract investors, particularly foreign ones, and to spur local entrepreneurs in industry. Most investors have regarded past provision of fiscal incentives as redundant. The revenue loss due to the redundant incentives has likely reached over 1% of GDP. Impact assessments of the fiscal incentives have rarely been conducted.
Public sector support that can be implemented by the government usually falls in one of two broad categories: one is to improve general business and investment climate across sectors (broad-based or horizontal interventions), and another is to improve the efficiency of specific products and industries (targeted or vertical interventions).
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