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Olaf Stapledon. Beyond the Unexplored Space: The Philosophy & Science-Fiction Works of Olaf Stapledon
Beyond the Unexplored Space: The Philosophy & Science-Fiction Works of Olaf Stapledon
Table of Contents
Novels
Last and First Men
Preface
Introduction. By One of the Last Men
THE CHRONICLE
I Balkan Europe
1. THE EUROPEAN WAR AND AFTER
2. THE ANGLO-FRENCH WAR
3. EUROPE AFTER THE ANGLO-FRENCH WAR
4. THE RUSSO-GERMAN WAR
II Europe’s Downfall
1. EUROPE AND AMERICA
2. THE ORIGINS OF A MYSTERY
3. EUROPE MURDERED
III America and China
1. THE RIVALS
2. THE CONFLICT
3. ON AN ISLAND IN THE PACIFIC
IV An Americanized Planet
1. THE FOUNDATION OF THE FIRST WORLD STATE
2. THE DOMINANCE OF SCIENCE
3. MATERIAL ACHIEVEMENT
4. THE CULTURE OF THE FIRST WORLD STATE
5. DOWNFALL
V The Fall of the First Men
1. THE FIRST DARK AGE
2. THE RISE OF PATAGONIA
3. THE CULT OF YOUTH
4. THE CATASTROPHE
VI Transition
1. THE FIRST MEN AT BAY
2. THE SECOND DARK AGE
VII The Rise of the Second Men
1. THE APPEARANCE OF A NEW SPECIES
2. THE INTERCOURSE OF THREE SPECIES
3. THE ZENITH OF THE SECOND MEN
VIII The Martians
1. THE FIRST MARTIAN INVASION
2. LIFE ON MARS
3. THE MARTIAN MIND
4. DELUSIONS OF THE MARTIANS
IX Earth and Mars
1. THE SECOND MEN AT BAY
2. THE RUIN OF TWO WORLDS
3. THE THIRD DARK AGE
X The Third Men in the Wilderness
1. THE THIRD HUMAN SPECIES
2. DIGRESSIONS OF THE THIRD MEN
3. THE VITAL ART
4. CONFLICTING POLICIES
XI Man Remakes Himself
1. THE FIRST OF THE GREAT BRAINS
2. THE TRAGEDY OF THE FOURTH MEN
3. THE FIFTH MEN
4. THE CULTURE OF THE FIFTH MEN
XII The Last Terrestrials
1. THE CULT OF EVANESCENCE
2. EXPLORATION OF TIME
3. VOYAGING IN SPACE
4. PREPARING A NEW WORLD
XIII Humanity on Venus
1. TAKING ROOT AGAIN
2. THE FLYING MEN
3. A MINOR ASTRONOMICAL EVENT
XIV Neptune
1. BIRD’S-EYE VIEW
2. DA CAPO
3. SLOW CONQUEST
XV The Last Men
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE LAST HUMAN SPECIES
2. CHILDHOOD AND MATURITY
3. A RACIAL AWAKENING
4. COSMOLOGY
XVI The Last of Man
1. SENTENCE OF DEATH
2. BEHAVIOUR OF THE CONDEMNED
3. EPILOGUE
Last Men in London
PREFACE
INTRODUCTION. THE FUTURE’S CONCERN WITH THE PAST
CHAPTER I. THE WORLD OF THE LAST MEN
1. HOLIDAY ON NEPTUNE
2. MEN AND MAN
3. BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE
CHAPTER II. EXPLORING THE PAST
1. THE PORTAL TO THE PAST
2. DIFFICULTIES AND DANGERS
3. INFLUENCING PAST MINDS
4. HOVERING OVER TIME
5. DESCENT AMONG THE FIRST MEN
6. IN THE STREETS OF LONDON
CHAPTER III. THE CHILD PAUL
1. PAUL AND HIS NEPTUNIAN PARASITE
2. THE CHILD PAUL
3. EARLY EXPERIMENTS ON PAUL
4. PAUL’S CHANGING WORLD
CHAPTER IV. PAUL COMES OF AGE
1. PAUL AND SEX
2. PAUL DEVOUT
3. PAUL FACES THE FACTS
CHAPTER V. ORIGINS OF THE EUROPEAN WAR
1. THE NEPTUNIAN ATTITUDE TO THE WAR
2. THE PHILOSOPHICAL LEMURS
3. PREHISTORIC ORIGINS OF THE WAR
4. THE HISTORICAL PERIOD
CHAPTER VI. THE WAR
1. EUROPE BEFORE THE WAR
2. EUROPE CHOOSES WAR
3. EUROPE AT WAR
4. PAUL IN THE WAR
CHAPTER VII. AFTER THE WAR
1. THE NEW HOPE
2. PAUL GATHERS UP THE THREADS
3. PAUL COMES TO TERMS WITH WOMAN
4. LONDON AND THE SPIRIT
CHAPTER VIII. THE MODERN WORLD
1. PAUL UNDERTAKES HIS TASK
2. THE RESEARCH
3. FRUITS OF THE RESEARCH
4. PAUL SETTLES DOWN
CHAPTER IX. ON EARTH AND ON NEPTUNE
1. SUBMERGED SUPERMEN
2. PAUL AND HUMPTY
3. BACK TO NEPTUNE
4. EPILOGUE BY THE TERRESTRIAL AUTHOR OF THIS BOOK
Odd John
CHAPTER I. JOHN AND THE AUTHOR
CHAPTER II. THE FIRST PHASE
CHAPTER III. ENFANT TERRIBLE
CHAPTER IV. JOHN AND HIS ELDERS
CHAPTER V. THOUGHT AND ACTION
CHAPTER VI. MANY INVENTIONS
CHAPTER VII. FINANCIAL VENTURES
CHAPTER VIII. SCANDALOUS ADOLESCENCE
CHAPTER IX. METHODS OF A YOUNG ANTHROPOLOGIST
CHAPTER X. THE WORLD’S PLIGHT
CHAPTER XI. STRANGE ENCOUNTERS
CHAPTER XII. JOHN IN THE WILDERNESS
CHAPTER XIII. JOHN SEEKS HIS KIND
CHAPTER XIV. ENGINEERING PROBLEMS
CHAPTER XV. JACQUELINE
CHAPTER XVI. ADLAN
CHAPTER XVII. NG-GUNKO AND LO
CHAPTER XVIII. THE SKID’S FIRST VOYAGE
CHAPTER XIX. THE COLONY IS FOUNDED
CHAPTER XX. THE COLONY IN BEING
CHAPTER XXI. THE BEGINNING OF THE END
CHAPTER XXII. THE END
Star Maker
PREFACE
I. THE EARTH
1. THE STARTING POINT
2. EARTH AMONG THE STARS
II. INTERSTELLAR TRAVEL
III. THE OTHER EARTH
1. ON THE OTHER EARTH
2. A BUSY WORLD
3. PROSPECTS OF THE RACE
IV. I TRAVEL AGAIN
V. WORLDS INNUMERABLE
1. THE DIVERSITY OF WORLDS
2. STRANGE MANKINDS
3. NAUTILOIDS
VI. INTIMATIONS OF THE STAR MAKER
VII. MORE WORLDS
1. A SYMBIOTIC RACE
2. COMPOSITE BEINGS
3. PLANT MEN AND OTHERS
VIII. CONCERNING THE EXPLORERS
IX. THE COMMUNITY OF WORLDS
1. BUSY UTOPIAS
2. INTERMUNDANE STRIFE
3. A CRISIS IN GALACTIC HISTORY
4. TRIUMPH IN A SUB-GALAXY
5. THE TRAGEDY OF THE PERVERTS
6. A GALACTIC UTOPIA
X. A VISION OF THE GALAXY
XI. STARS AND VERMIN
1. THE MANY GALAXIES
2. DISASTER IN OUR GALAXY
3. STARS
4. GALACTIC SYMBIOSIS
XII. A STUNTED COSMICAL SPIRIT
XIII. THE BEGINNING AND THE END
1. BACK TO THE NEBULAE
2. THE SUPREME MOMENT NEARS
3. THE SUPREME MOMENT AND AFTER
XIV. THE MYTH OF CREATION
XV. THE MAKER AND HIS WORKS
1. IMMATURE CREATING
2. MATURE CREATING
3. THE ULTIMATE COSMOS AND THE ETERNAL SPIRIT
XVI. EPILOGUE: BACK TO EARTH
A NOTE ON MAGNITUDE
Darkness and the Light
PREFACE
Part I - CRISIS
1 - MAN'S TWO FUTURES
2 - THE MODERN AGE
3 - MANKIND AT THE CROSS ROADS
I. RISE AND FALL OF A GERMAN REICH
II. NORTH AMERICA
III. RUSSIA AND CHINA
IV. THE RISE OF TIBET
Part II - DARKNESS
4 - THE QUENCHING OF THE LIGHT
I. REPERCUSSIONS IN BRITAIN
II. A SYNTHETIC FAITH
III. THE TIBETANS DEFEND THEMSELVES
IV. THE DESTRUCTION OF TIBET
5 - THE REIGN OF DARKNESS
I. THE JAPANESE REVOLUTION
II. A SYNTHETIC WAR
III. DIABOLIC WORLD EMPIRE
6 - THE TRIUMPH OF THE RATS
I. ECONOMIC DECLINE
II. DECLINE OF POPULATION
III. DISINTEGRATION OF THE WORLD EMPIRE
IV. FINAL DEGENERACY
V. THE END OF MAN
Part III - THE LIGHT
7 - THE SPARK SURVIVES
I. HARKING BACK TO THE TIBETAN REVOLUTION
II. WAR AGAINST THE EMPIRES
III. ARMED PEACE
IV. WAR AGAIN, AND A NEW ORDER
8 - PRECARIOUS ADVANCE
I. DIFFICULTIES OVER AMERICA
II. DIFFICULTIES WITH THE BUREAUCRATS
III. PROGRESS
IV. THE POPULATION PROBLEM
V. ARISTOCRATS AND DEMOCRATS
9 - NEW WORLD
I. A WORLD OF VILLAGES
II. VILLAGE CULTURE
III. THE FORWARDS
10 - REMOTE HORIZONS
I. PEACEFUL GROWTH
II. BEHIND THE VEIL
III. A PHASE OF CONFUSION
IV. PREPARATION FOR A GREAT TASK
V. DESPAIR AND NEW HOPE
VI. MAN PASSES ON
Sirius
CHAPTER I. FIRST MEETING
CHAPTER II. THE MAKING OF SIRIUS
CHAPTER III. INFANCY
CHAPTER IV. YOUTH
CHAPTER V. SHEEP-DOG APPRENTICE
CHAPTER VI. BIRTH-PANGS OF A PERSONALITY
CHAPTER VII. WOLF SIRIUS
CHAPTER VIII. SIRIUS AT CAMBRIDGE
CHAPTER IX. SIRIUS AND RELIGION
CHAPTER X. EXPERIENCES IN LONDON
CHAPTER XI. MAN AS TYRANT
CHAPTER XII. FARMER SIRIUS
CHAPTER XIII. THE EFFECTS OF WAR
CHAPTER XIV. TAN-Y-VOEL
CHAPTER XV. STRANGE TRIANGLE
CHAPTER XVI. PLAXY CONSCRIPTED
CHAPTER XVII. OUTLAW
Death into Life
CHAPTER I - BATTLE
THE RAIDERS
THE REAR-GUNNER
THE CITY AND ITS PEOPLE
THE ATTACK
CHAPTER II - EPHEMERAL SPIRITS
THE INSTANT OF DEATH
ANNIHILATION AND SURVIVAL
THE MEMBERS OF THE CREW
THE SPIRIT OF THE CREW
THE COMPANY OF SOME WHO WERE KILLED
THE SPIRIT OF SOME WHO WERE KILLED
DEATH OF THE SPIRIT OF THE KILLED
CHAPTER III - THE SPIRIT OF MAN SURVEYS HIS PAST
THE SPIRIT OF MAN AND HIS MEMBERS
THE CHILDHOOD OF MAN
EDEN AND THE FALL
THE AGE OF THE PROPHETS
THE FAILURE OF THE PROPHETS
THE MODERN AGE
DAWN OF A NEW FAITH
THE CLIMAX OF MAN'S DISEASE
CHAPTER IV - THE SPIRIT OF MAN CONSIDERS HIS PLIGHT
THE SPIRIT OF MAN AND THE SPIRIT
THE DARK OTHER
THE REAR-GUNNER AGAIN
DISEASED CHRYSALIS
THE END OF THE WAR
CHAPTER V - MAN'S FUTURE
THE SPIRIT OF MAN HAS A VISION
HE TRIES TO REMEMBER THE VISION
THE VASTNESS AND THE HORROR
THE MOTH BREAKS FROM THE CHRYSALIS
SIX HUMAN WORLDS
THE END OF MAN
CHAPTER VI - THE COSMOS, AND BEYOND
THE COSMICAL COMMUNITY
LIFE AND DEATH OF THE COSMOS
THE SPIRIT AND THE OTHER
CHAPTER VII -SALVATION
THE SPIRIT OF MAN GRIEVES FOR MEN
THE REAR-GUNNER, AND OTHERS
CHAPTER VIII - HERE AND NOW
A Man Divided
1 - A WEDDING FIASCO. 1921
2 - VICTOR'S EARLY LIFE. From 1890 to 1912
3 - BEGINNINGS OF OUR FRIENDSHIP. From 1908 to 1912
4 - BUSINESS MAN AND SOLDIER. From 1912 to 1919
5 - NEW START. From 1921 to 1924
6 - MAGGIE'S EARLY LIFE. From 1897 to 1921
7 - UNCERTAIN HAPPINESS. From 1921 to 1924
8 - A DISTRESSING INTERLUDE. From 1923 to 1924
9 - VICTOR FORGES AHEAD. From 1924 to 1929
10 - CHECK. From 1929 to 1939
11 - GLOOM. From 1939 to 1946
12 - STRANGE TRIUMPH. From 1946 to 1948
Short Stories
The Flames
INTRODUCTORY NOTE
THE LETTER
EPILOGUE
The Seed and the Flower
The Road to the Aide Post
A Modern Magician
East is West
A World of Sounds
Arms Out of Hand
Philosophical Works
Interplanetary Man?
I. Introduction
II. If the Planets are Inhabited
III. If the Planets are Uninhabited
IV. Adapting Man to the Planets
V. What is it All For?
VI. Fundamental Values
VII. A Commonwealth of Worlds
VIII. Man and the Cosmos
A Modern Theory of Ethics
Preface
Chapter 1. The Need For Ethics
Chapter 2. Self-Fulfilment As The Ground Of Ethics
1. Pleasure and the Enduring Self
2. The Social Self
3. The Actual Will and the Real Will
4. My Station and its Duties
5. Summary
Chapter 3. Criticism Of The Self-Fulfilment Theory
1. Emotive Aspects of the Theory
2. The Individual and Society
4. Implicates of the Actual Will
5. Implicates of the Nature of Selfhood
6. Summary
Chapter 4. Pleasure As Constitutive Of Good
1. Feeling Reinstated in Ethics
B. Rationality of the Ideal
3. Moral Obligation
4. Illustrations
Chapter 5. Good As An Unique Quality
1. Ethical Differences of Professor Moore and Professor Field
2. Essentials of Professor Moore’s Theory
3. Essentials of Professor Field’s Theory
4. Ethical Compromise Between Moore and Field
Chapter 6. Teleology In Ethics
1. Two Theories Contrasted
2. Teleological Activity
3. Teleology and Conation
4. Ethical Implications of Teleology
5. Summary
Chapter 7. Tendency In Physics And Biology
1. The Meaning of Tendency
2. Biological Tendencies
3. Reducible and Emergent Tendencies
4. Organisms and Societies
Chapter 8. Tendency In Psychology
1. Bodily and Personal Needs
2. Conation of Psychical Activities
3. Inter-Relation of Organisms
4. Objections to Instinct Psychology
Chapter 9. Psychical Conflict
1. The Objective Sources of Conation
2. The Problem of Irrational Choice
3. Automatism and Free Choice
4. Repression
5. Summary of Discussion of Tendency in Psychology
Chapter 10. Objective Activity As The Ground Of Ethics
1. The Meaning of Good
2. The Meaning of Better and Best
3. The Meaning of Ought
4. Logical Basis of Obligation
5. Epistemological Considerations
6. Summary
Chapter 11. Determinism And Free Will
1. The Relation of Freedom to Ethics
2. Introspection of Volition
3. The Determinants of Free Will
4. Responsibility
Chapter 12. Essentials Of The Concrete Ideal
1. Ideals and the Ideal
2. The Abstract Form of the Ideal
3. Comparative Evaluation
4. The Social Aspect of the Ideal
5. The Cosmical Ideal
Chapter 13. Reality And Admiration
1. Activity and Reality
2. Implications of Being Admired
3. Organisms, Nature, and Aesthetic Objects
4. Summary
Chapter 14. Moral Zeal, Disillusion, And Ecstasy
1. Moral Zeal and Disillusion
2. The Rise to Ecstasy
3. Emancipation From Teleology
4. Summary
Chapter 15. Ecstasy And Ethical Theory
1. Destructive Arguments
2. Hypothesis of Hyper-Biological Perfection
3. Theoretical Difficulties
4. Conclusions as to Ecstasy and the Ideal
Notes
