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Oliver J. Thatcher. A Source Book for Mediæval History
A Source Book for Mediæval History
Table of Contents
I. THE GERMANS AND THE EMPIRE TO 1073
1. Selections from the Germania of Tacitus, ca. 100 A.D
2. Procopius, Vandal War. (Greek.)
3. Procopius, Gothic War. (Greek.)
4. The Salic Law
I. Legal Summons.{10}
XVII. Wounds
XXIX. Injuries
XLI. Manslaughter.{12}
XLV. The Man who Removes from One Village to Another.{14}
XLVII. The Tracing of Stolen Goods
L. The Given Pledge
LII. Property that has been Loaned
LIV. The Slain Grafio
LVI. He who refuses to come to Court
5. Selections from the History of the Franks, by Gregory of Tours
6. The Coronation of Pippin, 751
7. Einhard’s Life of Karl the Great
8. The Imperial Coronation of Karl the Great, 800
9. General Capitulary about the Missi, 802
10. Selections from the Monk of St. Gall
11. Letter of Karl the Great to Baugulf, Abbot of Fulda, 787
12. Letter of Karl the Great in Regard to the two Books of Sermons Prepared by Paul the Deacon, ca. 790
13. Recognition of Karl by the Emperors at Constantinople, 812
14. Letter of Karl to Emperor Michael I, 813
15. Letter to Ludwig the Pious Concerning the Appearance of a Comet, 837
16. The Strassburg Oaths, 842
17. Annales Bertiniani
18. Regino
19. The Treaty of Meersen, 870
20. Invasions of Northmen at the End of the Ninth Century
21. Invasion of the Hungarians, ca. 950
22. Dissolution of the Empire
23. The Coronation of Arnulf, 896
24. Saxony
25. Suabia
26. Henry I and the Saxon Cities, 919–36
27. The Election of Otto I, 936
28. Otto I and the Hungarians
29. The Imperial Coronation of Otto I, 962
30. Thietmar of Merseburg
31. Wipo, Life of Conrad II
32. Henry III and the Eastern Frontier, 1040 to 1043
II. THE PAPACY TO THE ACCESSION OF GREGORY VII, 1073
33. Legislation Concerning the Election of Bishops, Fourth to the Ninth Century
34. The Pope must be Chosen from the Cardinal Clergy of Rome, 769
35. The Petrine Theory as Stated by Leo I, 440–61
36. The Emperor Gives the Pope Authority in certain Secular Matters
37. The Emperor has the Right to Confirm the Election of the Bishop of Rome, ca. 650. A Letter from the Church at Rome to the Emperor at Constantinople, Asking him to Confirm the Election of their Bishop
38. A Letter from the Church at Rome to the Exarch at Ravenna, Asking him to Confirm the Election of their Bishop, ca. 600
39. Gregory I Sends Missionaries to the English, 596
40. The Oath of Boniface to Pope Gregory II, 723
41. Letter of Pope Gregory II to the Emperor, Leo III, 726 or 727
42. Gregory III Excommunicates all Iconoclasts, 731 A.D
43. The Pope, Gregory III, Asks Aid of the Franks against the Lombards, 739. A Letter of Gregory III to Karl Martel
44. Promise of Pippin to Pope Stephen II, 753–54
45. Donation of Pippin, 756
46. Promise of Charles to Adrian I, 774
47. Karl the Great Declares the Pope Has Only Spiritual Duties, 796. Letter of Karl to Leo III
48. Karl the Great Exercises Authority in Rome, 800
49. The Oath of Pope Leo III before Karl the Great, 800
50. The Oath of the Romans to Ludwig the Pious and Lothar, 824
51. The Emperor Admits the Right of the Pope to Confer the Imperial Title. Passages from a Letter of Ludwig II, Emperor, to Basil, Emperor at Constantinople, 871
52. The Pope Enacts that Papal Elections must Take Place in the Presence of the Emperor’s Representatives. Enactment of a Roman Synod Held by John IX, 898
53. The Oath of Otto I to John XII, 961
54. Otto I Confirms the Pope in the Possession of his Lands, 962
55. Leo VIII Grants the Emperor the Right to Choose the Pope and Invest all Bishops, 963
56. The Pope Confers the Royal Title. A Letter of Pope Sylvester II to Stephen of Hungary, 1000
57. The Emperor, Henry III, Deposes and Creates Popes, 1048
58. The Pope Becomes the Feudal Lord of Southern Italy and Sicily, 1059. The Oaths of Robert Guiscard to Pope Nicholas II, 1059
59. The Papal Election Decree of Nicholas II, 1059
III. THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN THE EMPIRE AND THE PAPACY, 1073–1250
60. Prohibition of Simony and of the Marriage of the Clergy, 1074 A.D
61. Simony and Celibacy. The Roman Council, 1074
62. Celibacy of the Clergy. Gregory VII, 1074
63. Action of the Ninth General Council in the Lateran Against the Marriage of the Clergy, 1123 A.D
64. Prohibition of Lay Investiture, November 19, 1078
65. Dictatus Papæ, ca. 1090
66. Letter of Gregory VII to all the Faithful, Commending his Legates, 1074
67. Oath of the Patriarch of Aquileia to Gregory VII, 1079 A.D
68. The Oath of Fidelity which Richard, Prince of Capua, Swore to Gregory VII, 1073
69. Letter of Gregory VII to the Princes Wishing to Reconquer Spain, 1073
70. Letter of Gregory VII to Wratislav, Duke of Bohemia, 1073
71. Letter of Gregory VII to Sancho, King of Aragon, 1074
72. Letter of Gregory VII to Solomon, King of Hungary, 1074
73. Letter of Gregory VII to Demetrius, King of the Russians, 1075
74. Letter of Gregory VII to Henry IV, December, 1075
75. The Deposition of Gregory VII by Henry IV, January 24, 1076
76. Letter of the Bishops to Gregory VII, January 24, 1076
77. The First Deposition and Excommunication of Henry IV by Gregory VII, 1076
78. The Agreement at Oppenheim, October, 1076
79. Edict Annulling the Decrees Against Pope Gregory
80. Letter of Gregory VII to the German Princes Concerning the Penance of Henry IV at Canossa, ca. January 28, 1077
81. The Oath of King Henry
82. Countess Matilda Gives All her Lands to the Church, 1102
83. The First Privilege which Paschal II Granted to Henry V, February 12, 1111
84. The Second Privilege which Paschal II Granted to Henry V, April 12, 1111
85. The Promise of Calixtus II
86. The Promise of Henry V
87. Election Notice, 1125
88. Anaclete II Gives Roger the Title of King of Sicily, 1130
89. The Coronation Oath of Lothar II, June 4, 1133
90. Innocent II Grants the Lands of the Countess Matilda as a Fief to Lothar II, 1133
91. Letter of Bernard of Clairvaux to Lothar II, 1134
92. Letter of Bernard to Conrad III, 1140
93. Letter of Conrad III to the Greek Emperor, John Comnenus, 1142
94. Letter of Wibald, Abbot of Stablo, to Eugene III, 1159
95. Letter of Frederick I to Eugene III, Announcing his Election, 1152
96. Answer of Eugene III, May 17, 1152
97. Treaty of Constance, 1153
98. The Stirrup Episode, 1155
99. Treaty between Adrian IV and William of Sicily, 1156
100. Letter of Adrian IV To Frederick, September 20, 1157
101. Manifesto of the Emperor, October, 1157
102. Letter of Adrian IV to the Emperor, February, 1158
103. Definition of Regalia or Crown Rights, Given at the Diet Held on the Roncalian Plain, 1158
104. Grounds for the Quarrel between Adrian IV and Frederick I. Letter of Eberhard, Bishop of Bamberg, to Eberhard, Archbishop of Salzburg, 1159
105. Letter of Alexander III about his Election, 1159
106. Letter of Victor IV to the German Princes, 1159
107. The Account of the Election as Given by Gerhoh of Reichersberg, ca. 1160
108. The Preliminary Treaty of Anagni between Alexander III and Frederick I, 1176
109. The Peace of Constance, January 25, 1183
110. The Formation of the Duchy of Austria, 1156
111. The Bishop of Würzburg is made a Duke, 1168
112. Decree of Gelnhausen, 1180
113. Papal Election Decree of Alexander III, 1179
114. Innocent III to Acerbius, 1198
115. The Use of the Pallium. Innocent III to the Archbishop of Trnova (in Bulgaria), 1201
116. Innocent III to the Archbishop of Auch in Gascony, 1198
117. Innocent III Commands all in Authority to aid his Legates in Destroying Heresy, 1198
118. Confiscation of the Property of Heretics. Innocent III to the King of Aragon, 1206
119. Innocent III Commands the French Bishops to Punish Usury, 1198
120. Innocent III Forbids Violence to the Jews, 1199
121. Innocent III to the Archbishop of Rouen, 1198
122. Innocent III to a Bishop, Forbidding Laymen to Demand Tithes of the Clergy, 1198
123. The Prefect of Rome Takes the Oath of Fidelity to the Pope, 1198
124. John of Ceccano’s Oath of Fidelity to Innocent III, 1201
125. Innocent III Commands the Archbishop of Messina to Receive the Oaths of Bailiffs in Sicily, 1203
126. Innocent III Commands the English Barons to pay their Accustomed Scutage to King John, 1206
127. Innocent III to Peter of Aragon, 1211
128. Innocent III Grants the Title of King to the Duke of Bohemia, 1204
129. Innocent III Rebukes the English Barons for Resisting King John of England, 1216
130. Decision of Innocent III in Regard to the Disputed Election of Frederick II, Philip of Suabia, and Otto of Brunswick, 1201
131. Treaty between Philip, King of Germany, and Philip II, King of France, 1198
132. Alliance between Otto IV and John of England, 1202
133. Concessions of Philip of Suabia to Innocent III, 1203
134. Promise of Frederick II to Innocent III, 1213
135. Promise of Frederick II to Resign Sicily After his Coronation as Emperor, 1216
136. Concessions of Frederick II to the Ecclesiastical Princes of Germany, 1220
137. Decision of the Diet Concerning the Granting of new Tolls and Mints, 1220
138. Frederick II Gives a Charter to the Patriarch of Aquileia, 1220
139. Statute of Frederick II in Favor of the Princes, 1231–2
140. The Preliminary Agreement
141. Papal Stipulations in the Peace of San Germano, 1230
142. Letter of Gregory IX about the Emperor’s Visit to him after the Peace of San Germano, 1230
143. Papal Charges and Imperial Defence, 1238
144. The Excommunication of Frederick II, 1239
145. Current Stories about Frederick II
IV. THE EMPIRE FROM 1250 TO 1500
146. Diet of Nürnberg, 1274
147. The German Princes Confirm Rudolf’s Surrender of all Imperial Claims in Italy, 1278–79
148. Revocation of Grants of Lands Belonging to the Imperial Domain, 1281
149. An Electoral "Letter of Consent," 1282
150. Letter of Rudolf to Edward I, King of England, Announcing his Intention of Investing his Sons with Austria, etc., 1283
151. Decree against Counterfeiters, 1285
152. The Beginning of the Swiss Confederation, 1290
152 a. Edict of Rudolf, Forbidding Judges of Servile Rank to Exercise Authority in Schwyz, 1291
153. Concessions of Adolf, Count of Nassau, to the Archbishop of Cologne in Return for his Vote, 1292
154. The Archbishop of Mainz is Confirmed as Archchancellor of Germany, 1298
155. Declaration of the Election of Henry VII, 1308
156. The Supplying of the Office of the Archchancellor of Italy, 1310
157. The Law "Licet Juris" of the Diet of Frankfort, August 8, 1338
158. Chronicle of Flanders. (French.)
159. Chronicle of Henry Knyghton
160. The Golden Bull of Charles IV, 1356
CHAPTER I
CHAPTER II
CHAPTER III
CHAPTER IV
CHAPTER V
CHAPTER VI
CHAPTER VII
CHAPTER VIII
CHAPTER IX
CHAPTER X
CHAPTER XI
CHAPTER XII
CHAPTER XIII
CHAPTER XIV
CHAPTER XV
CHAPTER XVI
CHAPTER XVII
CHAPTER XVIII
CHAPTER XIX
CHAPTER XX
CHAPTER XXI
CHAPTER XXII
CHAPTER XXIII
CHAPTER XXIV
CHAPTER XXV
CHAPTER XXVI
CHAPTER XXVII
CHAPTER XXVIII
CHAPTER XXIX
CHAPTER XXX
CHAPTER XXXI
160 a. The Cities of the Mark Make Complaints to Sigismund, 1411. (German.)
160 b. Sigismund Orders the People of the Mark to Receive Frederick of Hohenzollern as their Governor, 1412. (German.)
V. THE CHURCH FROM 1250 TO 1500
161. Bull of Nicholas III Condemning all Heretics, 1280
162. The Bull "Clericis Laicos" of Boniface VIII, 1298
163. Boniface VIII Announces the Jubilee Year, 1300
164. The Bull "Unam Sanctam" of Boniface VIII, 1302
165. Conclusions Drawn by Marsilius of Padua from his "Defensor Pacis."
166. Condemnation of Marsilius of Padua. 1327
167. The Beginning of the Schism. The Manifesto of the Revolting Cardinals. Aug. 5, 1378
168. The University of Paris and the Schism, 1393
169. The Council of Pisa Declares it is Competent to Try the Popes. 1409
170. An Oath of the Cardinals to Reform the Church. Council of Pisa, 1409
171. The Council of Constance Claims Supreme Authority, 1415
172. Reforms Demanded by the Council of Constance, 1417
173. Concerning General Councils. The Council of Constance, 39th Session, October 9, 1417
174. Pius II, by the Bull "Execrabilis," Condemns Appeals to a General Council, 1459
175. William III of Saxony Forbids Appeals to Foreign Courts, 1446
176. Papal Charter for the Establishment of the University of Avignon, 1303
177. Popular Dissatisfaction that the Church had so much Wealth, ca. 1480
178. Complaints of the Germans against the Pope, 1510
179. Abuses in the Sale of Indulgences, 1512
VI. FEUDALISM
180. Form for the Creation of an Antrustio by the King
181. Form for the Suspending of Lawsuits
182. Form for Commendation. Middle of Eighth Century
183. Form by which the King Allows a Powerful Person to Undertake the Cases of a Poor Person
184. Form for the Gift of Land to a Church to be Received back by the Giver as a Benefice
185. Form for a Precarial Letter
186. Form of Precarial Letter
187. Form of Precarial Letter
188. Gift of Land to be Received back and Held in Perpetuity for a Fixed Rent
189. Treaty of Andelot, 587
190. Precept of Chlothar II, 584–628
191. Grant of Immunity to a Monastery, 673
192. Form of a Grant of Immunity to a Monastery
193. Form by which the King Granted Lands with Immunity to Secular Persons
194. Grant of Immunity to a Secular Person, 815
195. Edict of Chlothar II, 614
196. Capitulary of Kiersy, 877
197. Capitulary of Lestinnes, 743
198. Capitulary of Aquitaine, Pippin, 768
199. Capitulary of Heristal, 779
200. General Capitulary to the Missi, 802
201. Capitulary to the Missi, 806
202. Capitulary Concerning Various Matters, 807
203. General Capitulary to the Missi, 805
204. Capitulary of 811
205. Capitulary of Worms, 829
206. Capitulary of Aachen, 801–813
207. Agreement of Lothar, Ludwig, and Charles, 847
208. Capitulary of Bologna, 811
209. Homage
210. Homage
211. Homage
212. Homage
213. Homage
214. Homage of Edward III of England to Philip V of France, 1329
215. Feudal Aids
216. Feudal Aids
217. Feudal Aids, etc
218. Homage to the Duke of Burgundy, 1143
219. Homage to Philip II of France, 1198
220. Homage to the Duke of Burgundy, 1200
221. Letter of Blanche
222. Letter of the King
223. Homage to the Bishop of Langres, 1214
224. Homage to the Bishop of Châlons, 1214
225. Homage to the Abbot of St. Denis, 1226
226. List of the Fiefs of Champagne, about 1172
227. Sum of the Knights [who owe Service to the Count of Champagne]
228. Extent of the Lands of the County of Champagne and Brie, about 1215
1. Troyes
4. Nogent-sur-Seine
229. The Feudal Law of Conrad II, 1037
230. The Feudal Law of Frederick I for Italy, 1158
VII. COURTS, JUDICIAL PROCESSES, AND THE PEACE
231. Sachsenspiegel
232. Frederic II Appoints a Justiciar and a Court Secretary, 1235. From the Peace of the Land which was Proclaimed at Mainz, 1235
233. Wenzel Creates a Commission to Arbitrate all Differences, 1389. From the Peace of Eger, 1389. (German.)
234. Ordeal by Hot Water
235. Ordeal by Hot Iron
236. Ordeal by Cold Water
237. Ordeal by Cold Water
238. Ordeal by the Barley Bread
239. Ordeal by Bread and Cheese
240. Peace of God, Proclaimed in the Synod of Charroux, 989
241. Peace of God, Proclaimed by Guy of Anjou, Bishop of Puy, 990
242. Truce of God, made for the Archbishopric of Arles, 1035–41
243. Truce of God for the Archbishoprics of Besancon and Vienne, ca., 1041
244. Truce for the Bishopric of Terouanne, 1063
245. Peace of the Land Established by Henry IV, 1103
246. Peace of the Land for Elsass, 1085–1103
247. Decree of Frederick I Concerning the Keeping of Peace, 1156
248. Peace of the Land Declared by Frederick I in Italy, 1158
249. The Perpetual Peace of the Land Proclaimed by Maximilian I, 1495. (German.)
250. The Establishment of a Supreme Court to Try Peace-breakers, 1495. (German.)
VIII. MONASTICISM
251. The Rule of St. Benedict. About 530
252. Oath of the Benedictines
253. Monk’s Vow
254. Monk’s Vow
255. Monk’s Vow
256. Monk’s Vow
257. The Written Profession of a Monk
258. The Ceremony of Receiving a Monk into the Monastery
259. Offering of a Child to the Monastery
260. Offering of a Child to the Monastery
261. Commendatory Letter
262. Commendatory Letter
263. General Letter
264. Letter of Dismissal
265. The Regular Clergy. Prologue of the Rule of St. Chrodegang, Bishop of Metz, for His Clergy, ca. 744
265 a. Military-monkish Orders. The Origin of the Templars, 1119
266. Anastasius IV Grants Privileges to the Knights of St. John (Hospitallers), 1154
267. Innocent III Orders the Bishops of France to Guard against Simony in the Monasteries, 1211
268. Innocent III Grants the Use of the Mitre to the Abbot of Marseilles, 1204
269. The Friars. The Rule of St. Francis, 1223
270. The Testament of St. Francis, 1220
271. Innocent IV Grants the Friars Permission to Ride on Horseback when Travelling in the Service of the King of England, 1250
272. Alexander IV Condemns the Attacks made on the Friars because of Their Idleness and Begging, 1256
273. John XXII Condemns the Theses of John of Poilly in which He Attacked the Friars, 1320
IX. THE CRUSADES
274. The Meritorious Character of Martyrdom. Origen, Exhortation to Martyrdom, 235 A.D., Chaps. 30 and 50. (Greek.)
275. Origen, Commentary on Numbers, Homily X, 2. (Greek.)
276. Forgiveness of Sins for Those who Die in Battle with the Heathen. Leo IV (847–55) to the Army of the Franks
277. Indulgence for Fighting Heathen, 878
278. Gregory VII Calls for a Crusade, 1074
279. The Speech of Urban II at the Council of Clermont, 1095. Fulcher of Chartres
280. The Council of Clermont, 1095. Robert the Monk
281. The Truce of God and Indulgence for Crusaders. The Council of Clermont, 1095
282. Rabble Bands of Crusaders. Ekkehard of Aura, Hierosolimita
283. Peter the Hermit. Anonymi Gesta Francorum, 1097–99
284. Eugene III Announces a Crusade, December 1, 1145
285. The Third Crusade, 1189–90. From the Chronicle of Otto of St. Blasien
286. Innocent III Forbids the Venetians to Traffic with the Mohammedans, 1198
287. Papal Protection of Crusaders. Innocent III Takes the King of the Danes under his Protection, 1210
288. Innocent III and the Lateran Council Announce a Crusade, 1215
X. SOCIAL CLASSES AND CITIES IN GERMANY
289. Otto III Forbids the Unfree Classes to Attempt to Free Themselves, ca. 1000
290. Henry I Frees a Serf, 926
291. Henry III Frees a Female Serf, 1050
292. The Recovery of Fugitive Serfs, 1224
293. The Rank of Children Born of Mixed Marriages is Fixed, 1282
294. Frederick II Confers Nobility, about 1240
295. Charles IV Confers Nobility on a Doctor of Both Laws, 1360
296. The Law of the Family of the Bishop of Worms, 1023
297. The Charter of the Ministerials of the Archbishop of Cologne, 1154
298. The Bishop of Hamburg Grants a Charter to Colonists, 1106
299. The Privilege of Frederick I for the Jews, 1157
300. The Bishop of Speyer Gives the Jews of His City a Charter, 1084
301. Lothar II (855–69) Grants a Market to the Monastery of Prüm, 861
302. Otto I Grants a Market to an Archbishop, 965
303. Otto III Grants a Market to Count Bertold, 999
304. No One shall Compel Merchants to Come to His Market, 1236
305. A Market-court is Independent of the Local Court, 1218
306. Otto I Grants Jurisdiction over a Town to the Abbots of New Corvey, 940
307. The Ban-mile, or the Limits of the Bishop’s Authority, 1237
308. The Citizens of Cologne Expel Their Archbishop, 1074
309. The People of Cologne Rebel against Their Archbishop, 1074
310. Confirmation of the Immediateness of the Citizens of Speyer, 1267
311. Summons Sent to an Imperial City to Attend a Diet, 1338
312. Municipal Freedom is Given to the Town Called Ebenbuchholtz, 1201
313. The Extension of the Corporate Limits of the City of Brunswick, 1269
314. The Decision of a Diet about the Establishment of City Councils in Cathedral Towns, 1218
315. Frederick II Forbids the Municipal Freedom of the Towns and Annuls all City Charters, 1231–2
316. Breslau Adopts the Charter of Magdeburg, 1261. (German.)
317. The Schoeffen of Magdeburg give Decisions for Culm, 1338. (German.)
318. The Establishment of the Rhine League, 1254
319. Peace Established by the Rhine League, 1254
320. Agreement between Hamburg and Lübeck, ca. 1230
321. Agreement for Mutual Protection between Lübeck and Hamburg, 1241
322. Lübeck, Rostock, and Wismar Proscribe Pirates, 1259
323. Decrees of the Hanseatic League, 1260–64
324. Decrees of the Hanseatic League, 1265
325. Cologne Merchants have a Gildhall in London, 1157
BIBLIOGRAPHY
GLOSSARY
