West Virginia

West Virginia
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Описание книги

" An essential resource for scholars, students, and all lovers of the Mountaineer State. From bloody skirmishes with Indians on the early frontier to the Logan County mine war, the story of West Virginia is punctuated with episodes as colorful and rugged as the mountains that dominate its landscape. In this first modern comprehensive history, Otis Rice and Stephen Brown balance these episodes of mountaineer individualism against the complexities of industrial development and the growth of social institutions, analyzing the events and personalities that have shaped the state. To create this history, the authors weave together many strands from the past and present. Included among these are geological and geographical features; the prehistoric inhabitants; exploration and settlement; relations with the Indians; the land systems and patterns of ownership; the Civil War and the formation of the state from the western counties of Virginia; the legacy of Reconstruction; politics and government; industrial development; labor problems and advances; and cultural aspects such as folkways, education, religion, and national and ethnic influences. For this second edition, the authors have added a new chapter, bringing the original material up to date and carrying the West Virginia story through the presidential election of 1992. Otis K. Rice is professor emeritus of history and Stephen W. Brown is professor of history at West Virginia Institute of Technology.

Оглавление

Otis K. Rice. West Virginia

West. Virginia

Preface

1. Prehistorie Times

2. Explorations and Early Settlements

3. At the Vortex of Imperial Conflict

4. Advance Across the Alleghenies

5. The Revolutionary Era

6. Adapting to a New Nation

7

8

9

10

11

12

13. The Agony of War

14. The Thirty-Fifth Slate

15. Tensions of Reconstruction

16. The Bourbon Ascendancy

17. Agriculture and Rural Life

18. The Industrial Age

19. Progressivism and Reaction

20. Labor Problems and Advances

21. The Transformation. of Education

22. Literary Endeavors

23. Twentieth Century Politics: Kump to Marland

24. Twentieth Century Politics: Underwood to Rockefeller

25. Old Problems and. New Dilemmas

Selected Bibliography and. Suggested Readings

Index

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A HISTORY

Otis K. Rice

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Later Fort Ancient burials were inside the houses, under the floors. Prolonged use of some houses necessitated the stacking of burials along the inside walls. Grave offerings were rare, except for some pottery vessels, presumably with food for the departed. Other artifacts include shell-tempered pottery, often with strap handles; small crudely worked figurines of human beings and animals; elbow pipes; and a large assortment of flint and bone objects and tools. Toward the end of the period, southern influences led to rather extensive use of lizards and fish in designs.

The Monongahela culture, found in the northern part of the state and in western Pennsylvania, closely resembled the Fort Ancient. Villages, usually smaller than Fort Ancient, seldom covered more than two acres and were enclosed by circular stockades. The dome-shaped houses were of pole and bark construction. Many had pear-shaped pits, probably for storage. Both Monongahela and Fort Ancient people moved their villages often, evidently to find fresh soil for crops and areas where game had not been depleted. The Monongahelans continued to build small stone mounds well into late prehistoric times.3

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