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PATRIC TARIQ MELLET
A decolonised history of land
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There is no real dramatic time difference between the emergence of proto-Khoe herders and Bantu-speaking farmer-metallurgists in South Africa. The metallurgy technology, like the introduction of sheep, may also have spread more rapidly and independently of pastoralists. Only a few centuries separate the emergence of the different migratory drifts, which means that arguments based on which of these groups were in South Africa first are fallacious. This becomes even more the case when one considers that only by the beginning of the first millennium did the proto-Khoe evolve into the southern Khoe ancestors of the 17th-century Khoe at the Cape. The farmers speaking Bantu langages and the Khoe herders are likely to have moved into what are now the Eastern and Western Cape at about the same time, and some groups would have been a mixture of the two.
The tendency in South African history is to see the Khoe communities as being only a Western, Eastern and Northern Cape set of communities and as having originated there, whereas a broader historical lens beyond the 1652 paradigm shows us that there is a much bigger picture of the Khoe as a foundation people. The Khoe are at the root of many present-day communities in Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland, and our historical perspectives on the Khoe are stunted.
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