The Movement for Reproductive Justice

The Movement for Reproductive Justice
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Shows how reproductive justice organizations' collaborative work across racial lines provides a compelling model for other groups to successfully influence change Patricia Zavella experienced firsthand the trials and judgments imposed on a working professional mother of color: her own commitment to academia was questioned during her pregnancy, as she was shamed for having children «too young.» And when she finally achieved her professorship, she felt out of place as one of the few female faculty members with children. These experiences sparked Zavella’s interest in the movement for reproductive justice. In this book, she draws on five years of ethnographic research to explore collaborations among women of color engaged in reproductive justice activism. While there are numerous organizations focused on reproductive justice, most are racially specific, such as the National Asian Pacific American Women's Forum and Black Women for Wellness. Yet Zavella reveals that many of these organizations have built coalitions among themselves, sharing resources and supporting each other through different campaigns and struggles. While the coalitions are often regional—or even national—the organizations themselves remain racially or ethnically specific, presenting unique challenges and opportunities for the women involved. Zavella argues that these organizations provide a compelling model for negotiating across differences within constituencies. In the context of the war on women's reproductive rights and its disproportionate effect on women of color, and increased legal violence toward immigrants, The Movement for Reproductive Justice demonstrates that a truly intersectional movement built on grassroots organizing, culture shift work, and policy advocating can offer visions of strength, resiliency, and dignity for all.

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Patricia Zavella. The Movement for Reproductive Justice

CONTENTS

ABBREVIATIONS

PREFACE

Introduction

The Movement for Reproductive Justice

The Praxis of Intersectionality

The Human Right to Health

My Research

Overview of the Book

1. Culture Shift Work

Theorizing Culture Shift

Voicing Our Power: Soy Poderosa

Voicing Our Power: Somos Chingonas

The Strong Families Network

Contesting Teen Pregnancy Prevention

Black Mamas Matter

Conclusion

2. Collaborating across Difference

Cross-Sectoral or Intersectional Collaboration

Leadership Development in Texas

Building Capacity in California

Conclusion

3. Youth Mobilization

Forward Together’s “Sex Ed the City” Campaign

ICAH’s Work Contesting Parental Notification of Abortion

COLOR’s Youth Programs

Conclusion

4. From Self-Care to Healing Justice

Healing Multigenerational Trauma

Forward Stance

COLOR’s Culture of Appreciation and Resiliency

Young Women United Guided by Spirit

Conclusion

Conclusion

Reproductive Justice Advocates Respond to the Trump Political Regime

Empowering Women through Reproductive Justice Advocacy

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

APPENDIX

NOTES. PREFACE

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 1. CULTURE SHIFT WORK

CHAPTER 2. COLLABORATING ACROSS DIFFERENCE

CHAPTER 3. YOUTH MOBILIZATION

CHAPTER 4. FROM SELF-CARE TO HEALING JUSTICE

CONCLUSION

APPENDIX

REFERENCES

INDEX

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

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THE MOVEMENT FOR REPRODUCTIVE JUSTICE

General Editor: Ida Susser

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It is vital to consider the importance of place and focus on organizations that include the perspectives of those who are multiply marginalized by institutions, women of color with low incomes like Lola.109 I analyze how women of color in reproductive justice organizations contest structural processes of power within particular contexts in relation to one another and simultaneously see activism on behalf of women as integral to the well-being of all.110 I also illustrate how women of color construct political strategies and identities while attempting to end reproductive injustice.

The notion that those who are marginalized by society in the United States deserve human rights and that these rights were linked to the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution was first articulated by the social reformer Frederick Douglass in the 1850s. He also argued that access to economic, social, and cultural rights should accompany human rights.111 Yet it was not until the post–World War II era that the United Nations issued guidelines for government activity related to human rights.112 The Constitution of the World Health Organization declared in 1946 that the right to health includes public health, sanitation, occupational and environmental conditions, education and nutrition, and medical treatment provided in a nondiscriminatory manner, expressing the idea that human rights are inextricably intertwined.113 Women have pushed for the notion that “women’s rights are human rights,” a slogan first used at the UN World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna in 1993. The United States ratified three international human rights treaties that protect women’s reproductive rights: the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Convention on the Ratification of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, and the Convention against Torture. The United States also signed the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, which confer important reproductive rights such as the right to health.114 However, there is no right to be healthy under international or national law.115 The right to health care is not mentioned in the US Constitution, and states are not required to pay medical expenses of indigents, though most provide some health coverage for the elderly and people with disabilities.116 Nonetheless, the World Health Organization’s definition of optimal health care was a critical intervention, a “step toward denaturalizing the suffering produced by social causes.”117

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