Paul Klee

Paul Klee
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An emblematic figure of the early 20th century, Paul Klee participated in the expansive Avant-Garde movements in Germany and Switzerland. From the vibrant Blaue Reiter movement to Surrealism at the end of the 1930s and throughout his teaching years at the Bauhaus, he attempted to capture the organic and harmonic nature of painting by alluding to other artistic mediums such as poetry, literature, and, above all, music. While he collaborated with artists like August Macke and Alexej von Jawlensky, his most famous partnership was with the abstract expressionist, Wassily Kandinsky.

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Paul Klee. Paul Klee

Extracts from Klee’s Diaries

Childhood, Adolescence and Early Academic Years

Munich 1881–1901

Travels in Italy

October 1901 to May 1902

The First Years of his Studies, Marriage, and Educational Trips

A Soldier in World War Two

1914–1918

Theoretical Writings

Nature as an Example

Art as Abstraction

Basics of Form and Composition

Linear-active

Linear-medial

Linear-passive

Linguistic analogy

Perspective

Construction in three dimensions

Lengthwise gradation

The horizontal

The scales

Asymmetrical balance

Structure (dividual articulation)

The representation of measure and weight

The chess board

Individual rhythms (individual structures)

The concept of structure in nature

Movement as the Highest Basis

The water mill [46]

The plant [47]

Circulatory system [48]

Earth, air, water [49]

Productive and receptive movement

Succession, or the temporal function of a picture – Symbols of the figuration of movement

The spinning top

The pendulum

The circle

The spiral

The arrow

Tonality

Contrasts in colour temperature (cold and warm colours)

Synthesis of tonality-movement and temperature contrast

The dimension of tone value

The development of movement

The infinite movement: the colour circle

Review

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Juvenile Self-Portrait – Free, 1910. Plume, pencil and black watercolour on linen on cardboard, 17.5 × 15.9 cm. Private collection, Switzerland.

I developed very early an aesthetic sensibility. Whilst I was still wearing skirts I was made to put on underwear that was too long for me, so that even I could see the grey flannel with the wavy red trimmings. When the doorbell rang I hid to keep the visitor from seeing me in this state (two to three years old).

.....

I have started a new life. And this time I’ll succeed. I lay low on the ground. All was permitted me I believed, my strength could be savoured to the utmost. I went to the fools’ dance, a dirty knave. The maiden’s love has freed me from such a figure. I recognised my misery, and that half expelled it. Fright pulled me together. I want to become serious and better. The kiss of the dearest woman has taken all distress from me. I will work. I will become a good artist. Learn to sculpt. My aptitude is primarily formal in nature. I carry this recognition with me.

Stuck thought he could advise me to turn to sculpture; should I wish to paint again later, I would find good use for what I had learned. Proof of the fact that he understands nothing about the realm of colour. And he advised me to go to Rümann. As a student of Stuck, I expected to be admitted there without difficulty. However, the old man asked me to pass an entrance examination. I begged to be exempted from it, for the very fact that I should be asked to take one was tantamount in my eyes – and rightly so – to having flunked. But my request got him all excited: “I myself once had to pass an entrance examination.” This had a royal sound. Then he submitted my drawing to sharp criticism; still, to a few of them he granted some merit. Finally I went away without accepting his position on the matter of the examination. Perhaps I did impress him a little after all. Maybe he expected to see me again?

.....

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