End Game: Tipping Point for Planet Earth?

End Game: Tipping Point for Planet Earth?
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overconsumption / population growth / dwindling resources / climate change / disease / contamination / storms / thirst / war … will the struggle to simply stay alive become humanity’s future rather than its past?What happens when vast population growth endangers the world’s food supplies? Or our water? Our energy needs, climate, or environment? Or the planet’s biodiversity? What happens if these all become critical at once? Just what is our future?In ‘End Game’, world-renowned scientists Anthony Barnosky and Elizabeth Hadly draw on their work to explain the growing threats to humanity as the planet edges towards a resource war for remaining space, food, oil and water. And as they show, these wars are not the nightmares of a dystopian future but are already happening today. They explore the origins of Ebola in densely populated areas of south-eastern Guinea, witness raging fires in Yellowstone and Colorado and explain how drought-induced food shortages are already causing problems in the Sudan, Gaza Strip and Iraq. Finally, they ask: at what point will inaction become the break-up of the intricate workings of the global society?The planet is in danger now, but the solutions, as Barnosky and Hadly show, are still available. We still have the chance to avoid the tipping point and to make the future better. But this window of opportunity is closing fast and will shut within ten-to-twenty years. ‘End Game’ is the call we need.

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Professor Barnosky Anthony. End Game: Tipping Point for Planet Earth?

Copyright

Dedication

CONTENTS

The Journey

Past or Future?

People

Stuff

Storms

Hunger

Thirst

Toxins

Disease

War

End Game?

Acknowledgements

Index

About the Publisher

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Jane Grassman Hadly & William McKell Hadly,

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If those obvious transformations aren’t enough, we also have to add tremendous amounts of energy into the global ecosystem to keep society operating at its present level, and the way we have traditionally done that, by burning fossil fuels (the stored remnants of previous life on the planet), is beginning to bite us from behind, by raising Earth’s temperature abnormally. If we keep going at the rate we have been, it will become hotter in the next six decades than it has been for some fifteen million years. The increase in temperature will be so fast that many of Earth’s species won’t be able to keep up, and in some places where lots of people currently live it will be too hot for any mammal – including us – to survive outside. That, of course, presumes that we don’t run out of the easily obtainable oil first, which would escalate what happened in Egypt in 2013 by increasing energy prices across the world. Of course there are alternative sources of energy, but the world hasn’t been pursuing them too actively.

You get the message – there’s lots of global change under way. The underlying driver of it all is that there are just so many people now, all needing their slice of the pie. And we keep on coming. As of 2014 we were adding eighty-two million people per year. That is three orders of magnitude higher than the average yearly growth from ten thousand years to four hundred years ago (which averaged sixty-seven thousand people per year). Most of the population growth has been in the last century, over which time the number of humans has nearly quadrupled. Just since 1950, we’ve increased our numbers almost threefold, and since 1969, we’ve doubled ourselves. The problem is that each of us requires our own portion of air to breathe, a place to live that is comfortable and dry, enough water to drink and food to eat, and myriad ways to amuse ourselves. And we produce a lot of waste – waste from our bodies, waste from our structures and vehicles, waste from our fun.

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