Akhenaten

Akhenaten
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More ink has probably been spilled on Akhenaten and his times (‘the Amarna Period’) than any other figure from ancient Egypt, with a vast range of interpretations and theories that can leave the uninitiated utterly bewildered. Against this background, Akhenaten: A Historian’s View examines what scholars have said over the years regarding key aspects of the period, to produce a ‘history of histories,’ exploring exactly how various chains of arguments were arrived at—and how houses of cards thus erected have subsequently come tumbling down. In particular, it teases out ideas based on solid documentation from those based on theory and fancy, and tracks ways in which new evidence became available, how it was interpreted, and how it fed—or didn't—into the big picture. This book thus fills a major gap in the literature of the Amarna Period and also contributes to the wider, and much neglected, field of the historiography of ancient Egypt.

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Ronald T. Ridley. Akhenaten

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A HISTORIAN’S VIEW

Ronald T. Ridley

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There are now some thirty five identifiable colossi.89 In 2010, Arielle Kozloff noted that the colossi showed signs of having been extensively recut, suggesting that they might have been modified from statues originally made for Amenhotep III.90 Raymond Johnson pointed out, however, that the recutting could just as well have been of images made for Akhenaten before the change to the Amarnan style.91

They have mostly been interpreted as representing a deity, albeit with the features of the king: suggestions have included the Aten,92 Hapi,93 Osiris,94 and the king in connection with Osiris and the Sed festival. Three types of headdresses are found on the colossi: the headcloth (nms) with four ostrich plumes, the nms with the double crown on top, and the bag wig (ḫ3t) surmounted by a small double crown. The figures have their feet together and arms crossed and hold a crook and flail. This was the old pose of Osiris. The same was indicated by the pillars against which the statues were placed. The three types of statues have been suggested as representing three stages in the perpetual renewal of the strength of the king.95

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