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Rory Jones. Gluten Exposed: The Science Behind the Hype and How to Navigate to a Healthy, Symptom-free Life
Copyright
A Note from the Authors
Introduction
The Promise of Miracles
Gluten—the “One Size Fits All” Myth
PART I. Defining the Problem
1. What Is Your Source of Medical Information?
My Doctor “Pooh-Poohs” Food Intolerances
Listening to the Media and the Masseuse
Why Individuals Don’t Go to Doctors
2. Does a Gluten-Free Diet Work for You?
Are You a PWAG?
First and Foremost—What Is Gluten?
Why a Gluten-Free Diet Works
Why a Gluten-Free Diet Does Not Work
Will It Work in Other Ways?
3. Picky Eaters—Orthorexia and the Hygiene Hypothesis
Orthorexia Nervosa—Healthy Eating as a Disease
Are You Orthorexic?
The Hygiene Hypothesis—Are We Too Clean for Our Own Immunological Good?
MacDonald’s Farm Had the Right Idea?
4. Pitfalls and Perils of a Gluten-Free Diet
Healthy or Hazardous?
The Bottom Line
5. Supplements and Probiotics
Laxatives in Your St. John’s Wort?
When Your Doctor Advises Vitamin or Mineral Supplements
Test First
A Word on Fatigue and L-Carnitine
Widely Used Supplements That Cause Drug Interactions
Supplements for Those Age 50 and Up
Probiotic Intoxication
The Upside—Some Studies Are Very Promising
Clostridium Difficile and Fecal Transplants
The Downside—Quality Control
Are the Products Viable?
Reading Labels—“Doctor Recommended”?
A Word of Advice
Summary
6. A Word on Testing—What Do Antibodies Tell Us?
Rule Out Celiac Disease
Get Basic Standard of Care Tests
Use Breath Tests to Further Narrow the Diagnosis
Test for Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies
What Do Antibodies to Gluten Really Mean?
Summary
PART II. What Is Going On in the Gut
7. The Normal Gut and Digestion
The Gastrointestinal Tract
The Problem Protein
Summary
8. The Gut in Disease
Symptoms of GI Disease and Distress
Putting Order in the Disorders
Summary
9. The Microbiome
Where Does the Microbiome Come From?
The 21st-Century Microbiome
Why Is It Important?
Pregnancy and the Microbiome
Antibiotics and the Microbiome
Microbiome and Food Allergies
Obesity and the Microbiome
Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Microbiome
The Microbiome and the Brain—Can Bacteria Change Behavior?
Bugs as Drugs
How Constant Is the Microbiome?
Summary
10. The “Second Brain” in the Gut
Nervous System 101
The Enteric Nervous System
The GI Tract as Sensory Organ
Summary
PART III. The Fingers on the Trigger
11. Gluten and Nongluten Grains
Gluten and Nongluten Proteins
Summary
12. Carbohydrates and FODMAPs
What Exactly Are Carbohydrates?
Things You Need to Know—It’s Not All about Carbs
13. Drugs
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Drugs That Mimic Celiac Disease
Antibiotics
Unexpected Side Effects
Summary
14. The Double Hit Theory
Lighting the Fuse in the Gut
Lighting the Fuse in the Brain
Food for Thought
15. Inflammation
What Is Inflammation?
The Key Players
Systemic Inflammation—Gut to Brain?
Summary
16. Intestinal Permeability—“Leaky Gut”
Intestinal Barrier vs. Intestinal Permeability
Summary
PART IV. Putting Order in the Disorders
17. Celiac Disease
What Is Celiac Disease?
Symptoms and Complications
What Causes Celiac Disease?
Management—Diagnosis and Treatment
A Word on Sensitivity and Specificity
Treatment
Summary
18. Gluten Sensitivity—the New Kid on the Block
What Is NCGS?
What Causes NCGS?
Management of NCGS
Summary
19. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
What Is IBS?
How Is It Diagnosed?
What Causes IBS?
The “Gate” Theory of IBS
How Is IBS Treated?
Summary
20. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
What Is IBD?
What Causes IBD?
How Is IBD Diagnosed?
How Is IBD Treated?
Celiac Disease, Gluten, and IBD
Summary
21. Eosinophilic Esophagitis
What Is EoE?
What Causes EoE?
Diagnosis of EoE
Treatment
Summary
22. Neuropathy
What Is a Neuropathy?
Ataxia
How Is Neuropathy Diagnosed?
How Is Neuropathy Treated?
Summary
23. Diabetes
What Is Diabetes?
What Causes Diabetes?
Diabetes and the Microbiome
The Dual Diagnosis
Summary
24. Wheat and Other Food Allergies
What Are Food Allergies?
What Causes Food Allergies?
How Food Allergies Are Diagnosed
Treating Food Allergies
Summary
25. Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Fibromyalgia
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Are Fibromyalgia, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity Related?
Summary
PART V. The Brain-Gut-Gluten Connection
26. Autism Spectrum Disorders and ADHD
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Summary
27. Schizophrenia—Revisiting “Bread Madness”
Bread Madness
Cerebral Palsy
Summary
28. Brain Fog—Neurology or Meteorology?
What Causes Brain Fog?
Summary
29. The Stress of Holding Back
The Evolutionary Perspective
The Burden of Restrictive Dieting
What Your Brain Gains and Loses on a Diet of Chronic Stress
Adjusting to a Restricted Diet
PART VI. Navigating a Gluten-Free Life
30. Nondietary Therapies—the Drug Pipeline
Helping Digest or Degrade Gluten
Inhibiting Intestinal Permeability
Binding Gluten with Polymers to Safely Escort It from the GI Tract
Vaccine to Induce Tolerance to Gluten
Other Potential Therapies
Modifying Wheat
Bugs as Drugs—Hookworms
Oral Passive Antibody Therapy
Probiotics
Over-the-Counter Drugs Currently Available
FDA Approval
The Hazard of Taking a Pill
Questions Arise: Is the Drug Suitable for Me?
Summary
31. Eating Healthy
Emulsifiers, Binders, and Enhancers
Are You Eating Products or Food?
Where Is Gluten Hiding?
Reading Labels
Eating Healthy
Summary
32. Myths and Misconceptions
33. Food for Thought
What Is Making Us Sick—Gluten or Genetics Gone Awry?
Gluten Realities
Appendix A. Diets Through the Ages
Appendix B. Resources
General Information
Books
Support Groups
Appendix C. Arsenic and Mercury Guidelines
Appendix D. Label Guidelines for Eating Gluten-Free
Appendix E. Scientific Articles and Studies
Footnotes. Part I: Defining the Problem
Chapter 1: What Is Your Source of Medical Information?
Chapter 2: Does a Gluten-Free Diet Work for You?
Chapter 6: A Word on Testing—What Do Antibodies Tell Us?
Chapter 9: The Microbiome
Chapter 14: The Double Hit Theory
Part IV: Putting Order in the Disorders
Chapter 17: Celiac Disease
Chapter 26: Autism Spectrum Disorders and ADHD
Chapter 29: The Stress of Holding Back
Chapter 30: Nondietary Therapies—the Drug Pipeline
Glossary
Index
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
ALSO BY DR. PETER H. R. GREEN AND RORY JONES
About the Publisher
