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Saint Bishop of Hippo Augustine. On Christian Doctrine
On Christian Doctrine
Table of Contents
Preface
Footnotes
Book I
Chapter 1. The Interpretation of Scripture Depends on the Discovery and Enunciation of the Meaning, and is to Be Undertaken in Dependence on God’s Aid
Footnotes
Chapter 2. What a Thing Is, and What A Sign
Footnotes
Chapter 3. Some Things are for Use, Some for Enjoyment
Chapter 4. Difference of Use and Enjoyment
Footnotes
Chapter 5. The Trinity the True Object of Enjoyment
Footnotes
Chapter 6. In What Sense God is Ineffable
Chapter 7. What All Men Understand by the Term God
Chapter 8. God to Be Esteemed Above All Else, Because He is Unchangeable Wisdom
Chapter 9. All Acknowledge the Superiority of Unchangeable Wisdom to that Which is Variable
Chapter 10. To See God, the Soul Must Be Purified
Chapter 11. Wisdom Becoming Incarnate, a Pattern to Us of Purification
Footnotes
Chapter 12. In What Sense the Wisdom of God Came to Us
Footnotes
Chapter 13. The Word Was Made Flesh
Footnotes
Chapter 14. How the Wisdom of God Healed Man
Chapter 15. Faith is Buttressed by the Resurrection and Ascension of Christ, and is Stimulated by His Coming to Judgment
Chapter 16. Christ Purges His Church by Medicinal Afflictions
Footnotes
Chapter 17. Christ, by Forgiving Our Sins, Opened the Way to Our Home
Chapter 18. The Keys Given to the Church
Footnotes
Chapter 19. Bodily and Spiritual Death and Resurrection
Footnotes
Chapter 20. The Resurrection to Damnation
Chapter 21. Neither Body Nor Soul Extinguished at Death
Chapter 22. God Alone to Be Enjoyed
Footnotes
Chapter 23. Man Needs No Injunction to Love Himself and His Own Body
Footnotes
Chapter 24. No Man Hates His Own Flesh, Not Even Those Who Abuse It
Footnotes
Chapter 25. A Man May Love Something More Than His Body, But Does Not Therefore Hate His Body
Chapter 26. The Command to Love God and Our Neighbor Includes a Command to Love Ourselves
Footnotes
Chapter 27. The Order of Love
Chapter 28. How We are to Decide Whom to Aid
Chapter 29. We are to Desire and Endeavor that All Men May Love God
Chapter 30. Whether Angels are to Be Reckoned Our Neighbors
Footnotes
Chapter 31. God Uses Rather Than Enjoys Us
Footnotes
Chapter 32. In What Way God Uses Man
Footnotes
Chapter 33. In What Way Man Should Be Enjoyed
Footnotes
Chapter 34. Christ the First Way to God
Footnotes
Chapter 35. The Fulfillment and End of Scripture is the Love of God and Our Neighbor
Chapter 36. That Interpretation of Scripture Which Builds Us Up in Love is Not Perniciously Deceptive Nor Mendacious, Even Though It Be Faulty. The Interpreter, However, Should Be Corrected
Chapter 37. Dangers of Mistaken Interpretation
Footnotes
Chapter 38. Love Never Faileth
Chapter 39. He Who is Mature in Faith, Hope and Love, Needs Scripture No Longer
Footnotes
Chapter 40. What Manner of Reader Scripture Demands
Footnotes
Book II
Chapter 1. Signs, Their Nature and Variety
Footnotes
Chapter 2. Of the Kind of Signs We are Now Concerned with
Chapter 3. Among Signs, Words Hold the Chief Place
Footnotes
Chapter 4. Origin of Writing
Footnotes
Chapter 5. Scripture Translated into Various Languages
Chapter 6. Use of the Obscurities in Scripture Which Arise from Its Figurative Language
Footnotes
Chapter 7. Steps to Wisdom: First, Fear; Second, Piety; Third, Knowledge; Fourth, Resolution; Fifth, Counsel; Sixth, Purification of Heart; Seventh, Stop or Termination, Wisdom
Footnotes
Chapter 8. The Canonical Books
Footnotes
Chapter 9. How We Should Proceed in Studying Scripture
Chapter 10. Unknown or Ambiguous Signs Prevent Scripture from Being Understood
Footnotes
Chapter 11. Knowledge of Languages, Especially of Greek and Hebrew, Necessary to Remove Ignorance or Signs
Chapter 12. A Diversity of Interpretations is Useful. Errors Arising from Ambiguous Words
Footnotes
Chapter 13. How Faulty Interpretations Can Be Emended
Footnotes
Chapter 14. How the Meaning of Unknown Words and Idioms is to Be Discovered
Chapter 15. Among Versions a Preference is Given to the Septuagint and the Itala
Footnotes
Chapter 16. The Knowledge Both of Language and Things is Helpful for the Understanding of Figurative Expressions
Footnotes
Chapter 17. Origin of the Legend of the Nine Muses
Chapter 18. No Help is to Be Despised, Even Though It Come from a Profane Source
Footnotes
Chapter 19. Two Kinds Of Heathen Knowledge
Chapter 20. The Superstitious Nature of Human Institutions
Chapter 21. Superstition of Astrologers
Footnotes
Chapter 22. The Folly of Observing the Stars in Order to Predict the Events of a Life
Footnotes
Chapter 23. Why We Repudiate Arts of Divination
Footnotes
Chapter 24. The Intercourse and Agreement with Demons Which Superstitious Observances Maintain
Chapter 25. In Human Institutions Which are Not Superstitious, There are Some Things Superfluous and Some Convenient and Necessary
Footnotes
Chapter 26. What Human Contrivances We are to Adopt, and What We are to Avoid
Footnotes
Chapter 27. Some Departments of Knowledge, Not of Mere Human Invention, Aid Us in Interpreting Scripture
Chapter 28. To What Extent History is an Aid
Footnotes
Chapter 29. To What Extent Natural Science is an Exegetical Aid
Chapter 30. What the Mechanical Arts Contribute to Exegetics
Chapter 31. Use of Dialectics. Of Fallacies
Footnotes
Chapter 32. Valid Logical Sequence is Not Devised But Only Observed by Man
Chapter 33. False Inferences May Be Drawn from Valid Reasonings, and Vice Versa
Chapter 34. It is One Thing to Know the Laws of Inference, Another to Know the Truth of Opinions
Chapter 35. The Science of Definition is Not False, Though It May Be Applied to Falsities
Chapter 36. The Rules of Eloquence are True, Though Sometimes Used to Persuade Men of What is False
Chapter 37. Use of Rhetoric and Dialectic
Chapter 38. The Science of Numbers Not Created, But Only Discovered, by Man
Footnotes
Chapter 39. To Which of the Above-Mentioned Studies Attention Should Be Given, and in What Spirit
Footnotes
Chapter 40. Whatever Has Been Rightly Said by the Heathen, We Must Appropriate to Our Uses
Footnotes
Chapter 41. What Kind of Spirit is Required for the Study of Holy Scripture
Footnotes
Chapter 42. Sacred Scripture Compared with Profane Authors
Book III
Chapter 1. Summary of the Foregoing Books, and Scope of that Which Follows
Footnotes
Chapter 2. Rule for Removing Ambiguity by Attending to Punctuation
Footnotes
Chapter 3. How Pronunciation Serves to Remove Ambiguity. Different Kinds of Interrogation
Footnotes
Chapter 4. How Ambiguities May Be Solved
Footnotes
Chapter 5. It is a Wretched Slavery Which Takes the Figurative Expressions of Scripture in a Literal Sense
Footnotes
Chapter 6. Utility of the Bondage of the Jews
Footnotes
Chapter 7. The Useless Bondage of the Gentiles
Footnotes
Chapter 8. The Jews Liberated from Their Bondage in One Way, the Gentiles in Another
Chapter 9. Who is in Bondage to Signs, and Who Not
Chapter 10. How We are to Discern Whether a Phrase is Figurative
Footnotes
Chapter 11. Rule for Interpreting Phrases Which Seem to Ascribe Severity to God and the Saints
Footnotes
Chapter 12. Rule for Interpreting Those Sayings and Actions Which are Ascribed to God and the Saints, and Which Yet Seem to the Unskillful to Be Wicked
Footnotes
Chapter 13. Same Subject, Continued
Chapter 14. Error of Those Who Think that There is No Absolute Right and Wrong
Footnotes
Chapter 15. Rule for Interpreting Figurative Expressions
Chapter 16. Rule for Interpreting Commands and Prohibitions
Footnotes
Chapter 17. Some Commands are Given to All in Common, Others to Particular Classes
Footnotes
Chapter 18. We Must Take into Consideration the Time at Which Anything Was Enjoyed or Allowed
Footnotes
Chapter 19. Wicked Men Judge Others by Themselves
Chapter 20. Consistency of Good Men in All Outward Circumstances
Chapter 21. David Not Lustful, Though He Fell into Adultery
Footnotes
Chapter 22. Rule Regarding Passages of Scripture in Which Approval is Expressed of Actions Which are Now Condemned by Good Men
Chapter 23. Rule Regarding the Narrative of Sins of Great Men
Footnotes
Chapter 24. The Character of the Expressions Used is Above All to Have Weight
Chapter 25. The Same Word Does Not Always Signify the Same Thing
Footnotes
Chapter 26. Obscure Passages are to Be Interpreted by Those Which are Clearer
Footnotes
Chapter 27. One Passage Susceptible of Various Interpretations
Chapter 28. It is Safer to Explain a Doubtful Passage by Other Passages of Scripture Than by Reason
Chapter 29. The Knowledge of Tropes is Necessary
Footnotes
Chapter 30. The Rules of Tichonius the Donatist Examined
Chapter 31. The First Rule of Tichonius
Footnotes
Chapter 32. The Second Rule of Tichonius
Footnotes
Chapter 33. The Third Rule of Tichonius
Footnotes
Chapter 34. The Fourth Rule of Tichonius
Footnotes
Chapter 35. The Fifth Rule of Tichonius
Footnotes
Chapter 36. The Sixth Rule of Tichonius
Footnotes
Chapter 37. The Seventh Rule of Tichonius
Footnotes
Book IV
Chapter 1. This Work Not Intended as a Treatise on Rhetoric
Footnotes
Chapter 2. It is Lawful for a Christian Teacher to Use the Art of Rhetoric
Chapter 3. The Proper Age and the Proper Means for Acquiring Rhetorical Skill
Footnotes
Chapter 4. The Duty of the Christian Teacher
Chapter 5. Wisdom of More Importance Than Eloquence to the Christian Teacher
Footnotes
Chapter 6. The Sacred Writers Unite Eloquence with Wisdom
Footnotes
Chapter 7. Examples of True Eloquence Drawn from the Epistles of Paul and the Prophecies of Amos
Footnotes
Chapter 8. The Obscurity of the Sacred Writers, Though Compatible with Eloquence, Not to Be Imitated by Christian Teachers
Chapter 9. How, and with Whom, Difficult Passages are to Be Discussed
Chapter 10. The Necessity for Perspicuity of Style
Footnotes
Chapter 11. The Christian Teacher Must Speak Clearly, But Not Inelegantly
Chapter 12. The Aim of the Orator, According to Cicero, is to Teach, to Delight, and to Move. Of These, Teaching is the Most Essential
Footnotes
Chapter 13. The Hearer Must Be Moved as Well as Instructed
Chapter 14. Beauty of Diction to Be in Keeping with the Matter
Footnotes
Chapter 15. The Christian Teacher Should Pray Before Preaching
Footnotes
Chapter 16. Human Directions Not to Be Despised, Though God Makes the True Teacher
Footnotes
Chapter 17. Threefold Division of The Various Styles of Speech
Footnotes
Chapter 18. The Christian Orator is Constantly Dealing with Great Matters
Footnotes
Chapter 19. The Christian Teacher Must Use Different Styles on Different Occasions
Chapter 20. Examples of the Various Styles Drawn from Scripture
Footnotes
Chapter 21. Examples of the Various Styles, Drawn from the Teachers of the Church, Especially Ambrose and Cyprian
Footnotes
Chapter 22. The Necessity of Variety in Style
Chapter 23. How the Various Styles Should Be Mingled
Chapter 24. The Effects Produced by the Majestic Style
Chapter 25. How the Temperate Style is to Be Used
Chapter 26. In Every Style the Orator Should Aim at Perspicuity, Beauty, and Persuasiveness
Footnotes
Chapter 27. The Man Whose Life is in Harmony with His Teaching Will Teach with Greater Effect
Footnotes
Chapter 28. Truth is More Important Than Expression. What is Meant by Strife About Words
Footnotes
Chapter 29. It is Permissible for a Preacher to Deliver to the People What Has Been Written by a More Eloquent Man Than Himself
Footnotes
Chapter 30. The Preacher Should Commence His Discourse with Prayer to God
Footnotes
Chapter 31. Apology for the Length of the Work
