Оглавление
Salah Belaadi. Thermodynamic Processes 2
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Thermodynamic Processes 2. State and Energy Change Systems
Foreword 1. Circular Economy and Engineering
Foreword 2
Preface
1. Equilibria of Liquid/Vapor Phases. 1.1. Exercises. EXERCISE 1.1.– Vapor tensions of carbon sulfide
EXERCISE 1.2.– Vaporization of benzene
EXERCISE 1.3.– Distillation of the benzene/toluene mixture
EXERCISE 1.4.– Activities of binary liquid mixtures
EXERCISE 1.5.– Activities of the bromine/carbon tetrachloride mixture
EXERCISE 1.6.– Binary mixtures MEK/water with azeotrope
EXERCISE 1.7.– Vapor extraction of quinoline
EXERCISE 1.8.– Sea water equilibria with reference to pure water
EXERCISE 1.9.– Activity coefficient of a body in ethylbenzene
1.2. Problems. PROBLEM 1.1.– Equilibria with azeotropes
PROBLEM 1.2.– Distillation of acetone/chloroform mixture
PROBLEM 1.3.– Isopropanol/dioxane binary
PROBLEM 1.4.– Purification of lead
PROBLEM 1.5.– Physical equilibrium of mercury
PROBLEM 1.6.– Isobaric diagram of nitrogen/oxygen mixtures
PROBLEM 1.7.– Liquid/vapor equilibrium of pure benzene
PROBLEM 1.8.– Vaporization of nitrogen
1.3. Tests. TEST 1.1.– Tetrachloromethane/benzene hexafluoride binary
TEST 1.2.– Dissociation of hydrogen peroxide
TEST 1.3.– Equilibrium with an azeotrope and the solubility gap
1.4. Detailed corrections. EXERCISE 1.1.– Vapor tension of carbon sulfide
EXERCISE 1.2.– Vaporization of benzene
EXERCISE 1.3.– Distillation of the benzene/toluene mixture
EXERCISE 1.4.– Activities of liquid binary mixtures
EXERCISE 1.5.– Activities of the mixture bromine/carbon tetrachloride
EXERCISE 1.6.– Binary mixture MEK/water azeotropes
EXERCISE 1.7.– Vapor extraction of quinoline
EXERCISE 1.8.– Equilibria of sea water with reference to pure water
EXERCISE 1.9.– Activity coefficient of a body in ethylbenzene
PROBLEM 1.1.– Equilibria with an azeotrope
PROBLEM 1.2.– Distillation of acetone/chloroform mixture
PROBLEM 1.3.– The isopropanol/dioxane binary mixture
PROBLEM 1.4.– Purification of lead
PROBLEM 1.5.– Physical equilibrium of mercury
PROBLEM 1.6.– Isobaric diagram of nitrogen/oxygen mixtures
PROBLEM 1.7.– Liquid/vapor equilibrium of pure benzene
PROBLEM 1.8.– Vaporization of nitrogen
2. Allotropic Solid/Solid Equilibria and Solid/Liquid Melting. 2.1. Exercises. EXERCISE 2.1.– Clapeyron’s relation
EXERCISE 2.2.– Transformation of graphite into diamond
EXERCISE 2.3.– Solid iron/carbon solution
EXERCISE 2.4.– Preparation of calcium by electrolysis
EXERCISE 2.5.– Electromotive force of a mercury cell
EXERCISE 2.6.– Water/glycol binary
EXERCISE 2.7.– Activities of carbon in liquid iron
EXERCISE 2.8.– Activities of cadmium in lead
EXERCISE 2.9.– Refining of lead
EXERCISE 2.10.– Solubility of paraffin in an aromatic solvent
EXERCISE 2.11.– Dissolution of Pb in the lead/cadmium/bismuth ternary
EXERCISE 2.12.– Determining the formula of a compound
EXERCISE 2.13.– Solubility of two paraffins in ethylbenzene
EXERCISE 2.14.– Heat and temperature of allotropic transition
EXERCISE 2.15.– Phase diagram of the iron/tin binary
2.2. Problems. PROBLEM 2.1.– Allotropic transformation of carbon
PROBLEM 2.2.– Activities in solid/liquid binary mixtures
PROBLEM 2.3.– Refining of lead
PROBLEM 2.4.– Purification of beryllium
PROBLEM 2.5.– Deposition of paraffin in solution of ethylbenzene
PROBLEM 2.6.– Binary with two eutectics (indium/tin)
PROBLEM 2.7.– Diagram of the lithium/sodium binary with demixion
PROBLEM 2.8.– Crystallization of the water/hydrogen peroxide binary
PROBLEM 2.9.– Crystallization of aqueous solutions of nitric acid
PROBLEM 2.10.– Sol/liquid/vapor diagrams of the water/ethylic alcohol binary
PROBLEM 2.11.– Mixture of powdered solids
PROBLEM 2.12.– Solid/liquid/vapor diagrams of the water/glycol binary
2.3. Tests. TEST 2.1.– Eutectic point of the cadmium/zinc binary
TEST 2.2.– Water/hydrogen peroxide equilibrium diagram
TEST 2.3.– Transformation of graphite into diamond
TEST 2.4.– Triple point of carbon dioxide
2.4. Detailed corrections. EXERCISE 2.1.– Clapeyron’s relation
EXERCISE 2.2.– Transformation of graphite into diamond
EXERCISE 2.3.– Solid iron/carbon solution
EXERCISE 2.4.– Preparation of calcium by electrolysis
EXERCISE 2.5.– Electromotive force of a mercury cell
EXERCISE 2.6.– Water/glycol binary
EXERCISE 2.7.– Activities of carbon in liquid iron
EXERCISE 2.8.– Activity of cadmium in lead
EXERCISE 2.9.– Refining of lead
EXERCISE 2.10.– Solubility of a paraffin in an aromatic solvent
EXERCISE 2.11.– Dissolution of Pb in the lead/cadmium/bismuth ternary
EXERCISE 2.12.– Determining the formula of a compound
EXERCISE 2.13.– Solubility of two paraffins in ethylbenzene
EXERCISE 2.14.– Heat and temperature of allotropic transition
EXERCISE 2.15.– Phase diagram of the iron/tin binary
PROBLEM 2.1.– Allotropic transformation of carbon
PROBLEM 2.2.– Activities in solid/liquid binary mixtures
PROBLEM 2.3.– Refining of lead
PROBLEM 2.4.– Purification of beryllium
PROBLEM 2.5.– Deposition of a paraffin in ethylbenzene solution
PROBLEM 2.6.– Indium/tin binary with two eutectic points
PROBLEM 2.7.– Diagram of the lithium/sodium binary with demixion
PROBLEM 2.8.– Crystallization of the water/hydrogen peroxide binary
PROBLEM 2.9.– Crystallization of aqueous solutions of nitric acid
PROBLEM 2.10.– Sol/liquid/vapor diagrams of the binary water/ethyl alcohol
PROBLEM 2.11.– Mixture of powdered solids
PROBLEM 2.12.– Solid/liquid/vapor diagrams of the water/glycol binary
3. Solid/Vapor Sublimation Equilibria. 3.1. Exercises. EXERCISE 3.1.– Sublimation of iodine
EXERCISE 3.2.– Coordinates of the triple point of SO2
EXERCISE 3.3.– Obtaining metallic calcium
EXERCISE 3.4.– Sublimation of barium
EXERCISE 3.5.– Standard entropy of solid oxygen
EXERCISE 3.6.– Action of water vapor on iron
3.2. Problems. PROBLEM 3.1.– Triple point of calcium
PROBLEM 3.2.– Dissociation of mercury oxide
PROBLEM 3.3.– Metallurgy of calcium
PROBLEM 3.4.– Equilibrium diagrams of pure water
3.3. Tests. TEST 3.1.– Dissociation of hydrated copper sulfate
TEST 3.2.– Thermal preparation of magnesium
TEST 3.3.– Clapeyron diagram of sulfur dioxide
3.4. Detailed corrections. EXERCISE 3.1.– Sublimation of iodine
EXERCISE 3.2.– Coordinates of the triple point of SO2
EXERCISE 3.3.– Obtaining metallic calcium
EXERCISE 3.4.– Sublimation of barium
EXERCISE 3.5.– Standard entropy of solid oxygen
EXERCISE 3.6.– Action of water vapor on iron
PROBLEM 3.1.– Triple point of calcium
PROBLEM 3.2.– Dissociation of mercury oxide
PROBLEM 3.3.– Metallurgy of calcium
PROBLEM 3.4.– Equilibrium diagrams of pure water
4. Process Energetics. 4.1. Exercises. EXERCISE 4.1.– Reversible heat transformer
EXERCISE 4.2.– Energy degraded by loss of charge
EXERCISE 4.3.– Degradation of energy and entropy
EXERCISE 4.4.– Enthalpy and entropy balance of a production area
EXERCISE 4.5.– Thrust of a nozzle
EXERCISE 4.6.– Heat engine
EXERCISE 4.7.– Heat pump
EXERCISE 4.8.– Fan
EXERCISE 4.9.– The Carnot cycle
EXERCISE 4.10.– Reversible cycle
EXERCISE 4.11.– Frigorific engine, “refrigerator”
EXERCISE 4.12.– Steam engine
EXERCISE 4.13.– Gas turbine
EXERCISE 4.14.– Heating using a heat pump
EXERCISE 4.15.– Dynamo/steam engine coupling
EXERCISE 4.16.– Air source heat pump heating system
EXERCISE 4.17.– Heating using electrical energy
EXERCISE 4.18.– Energy efficiency of a car
4.2. Problems. PROBLEM 4.1.– Energy degraded by loss of charge
PROBLEM 4.2.– Energy efficiency of a racing car
PROBLEM 4.3.– Veron cycle
PROBLEM 4.4.– Heating a room
PROBLEM 4.5.– Manufacturing production area of dry ice
PROBLEM 4.6.– Artificial skating rink
PROBLEM 4.7.– Comparison of ramjet and pulsejet engines
4.3. Tests. TEST 4.1.– Dual heat engine
TEST 4.2.– Lenoir cycle
TEST 4.3.– Joule cycle
TEST 4.4.– Any unspecified cycle
TEST 4.5.– Dual cycle “supply of heat at constant V then at constant P”
TEST 4.6.– Otto cycle
TEST 4.7.– Diesel cycle
TEST 4.8.– Thermal power plant
4.4. Detailed corrections. EXERCISE 4.1.– Reversible heat transformer
EXERCISE 4.2.– Energy degraded by loss of charge
EXERCISE 4.3.– Degradation of energy and entropy
EXERCISE 4.4.– Enthalpy and entropy balance of a production area
EXERCISE 4.5.– Thrust of a nozzle
EXERCISE 4.6.– Heat engine
EXERCISE 4.7.– Heat pump
EXERCISE 4.8.– Fan
EXERCISE 4.9.– Carnot cycle
EXERCISE 4.10.– Reversible cycle
EXERCISE 4.11.– Frigorific engine, “Refrigerator”
EXERCISE 4.12.– Steam engine
EXERCISE 4.13.– Gas turbine
EXERCISE 4.14.– Heating via heat pump
EXERCISE 4.15.– Dynamo/steam engine coupling
EXERCISE 4.16.– Heating via air heat pump
EXERCISE 4.17.– Heating with electrical energy
EXERCISE 4.18.– Energy efficiency of a vehicle
PROBLEM 4.1.– Energy degraded by loss of charge
PROBLEM 4.2– Energy efficiency of a racing car
PROBLEM 4.3.– Veron cycle
PROBLEM 4.4.– Heating of a room
PROBLEM 4.5.– Production area of dry ice
PROBLEM 4.6.– Artificial skating rink
PROBLEM 4.7.– Comparison of ramjet and pulsejet engines
Appendix. Mollier diagram of CO2
Nomenclature. Letters
Indices
Exponents
Units
Symbols
Universal constants
References
Index. A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J, K
L
M
N
O
P
Q, R
S
T
U, V
W
Y, Z
WILEY END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT
