Exercise and Diabetes
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Sheri R. Colberg. Exercise and Diabetes
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Chapter 1 Diabetes, Physical Activity, Exercise, and Fitness Overview
The burden associated with diabetes, prediabetes, and related metabolic disorders is undeniably growing. Federal government estimates released in 2011 placed the number of Americans with diabetes at nearly 26 million (with one-quarter of cases likely still undiagnosed)—or ~8.3% of the total population. Another 79 million American adults have prediabetes, which is an asymptomatic state characterized by moderate insulin resistance, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). People with prediabetes have glucose levels that are higher than normal but lower than those classified as diabetes. About 25% of individuals with prediabetes will develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) within 3 to 5 years (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2011). Moreover, it is now estimated that one in three Americans born in the year 2000 or later will develop diabetes during their lifetimes, with rates closer to 50% in high-risk, ethnic populations (Narayan 2003, 2006).
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