Оглавление
Stephen Wearing. International Volunteer Tourism
INTERNATIONAL VOLUNTEER TOURISM
Contents
About the Authors
Guest Contributors
Preface
List of Tables, Boxes and Figures
1 Introduction. Beyond Experiences that Make a Difference
Historical Foundations of Alternative Tourism
Volunteer Tourism as the Ultimate Alternative Tourism?
Selves in the Tourism Experience
Ecotourism Operators, Communities and Volunteer Tourism
The Growth in Volunteer Tourism
Volunteer Tourism and Pro-poor Tourism
Book Outline
Note
2 Alternative Tourism Experiences. Introduction
Alternative Tourism
Situating Volunteer Tourism in the Context of the Alternative Tourism Experience
Commodification and the Tourism Industry
Volunteer Tourism and the Tourism Industry
Notes
3 Community Development in Volunteer Tourism Destinations. Introduction
Valuing Local Cultures
Developing Volunteer Tourism Projects with Local Communities
Measures to Evaluate Volunteer Tourism in Local Communities
4 The Volunteer Tourism Organization. Introduction
Conservation Volunteers Australia. Introduction
Operations
Outcomes
Funding
Volunteers
Partnerships
Recognition
Mobility International USA. Introduction
Operations
National Clearinghouse on Disability & Exchange (NCDE)
MIUSA International Exchange Programs
International Development & Disability
Women, Disability & Development
Funding
Participants
Alumni
Partners
Youth Challenge International. Introduction
History
Operations
International youth development programmes
Local development programmes
Custom projects
Achievements
Funding
Volunteers
Partnerships
Evaluation
5 Volunteer Tourists: Why Do They Do It?
Introduction
Motivation Theory
Volunteer motivation
Tourist motivation
Theorizing Volunteer Tourist Motivation
Altruism, self-interest or a little of both?
The ‘tourism’ in voluntourism
Adventure/discovery
Social interaction
Learning
Development of self
Professional development
Cultural immersion/encounters
Right time/right place
Conclusion
Notes
6 Volunteer Tourism Projects: A Proposed Mechanism to Improve Working with Local Communities. Introduction
Processes
Information
Genuineness
Vision
Pragmatism
Strategy
Transformation
Case Study 1: Taita Discovery Centre in Kenya
The intrapersonal benefits of volunteering at TDC
Discovering self and others
Integrating TDC’s various components
Case Study 2: Gibbon Rehabilitation Project, Phuket, Thailand
Introduction
Altruism
Travel
Career development
Personal interest/personal development
GRP factors
Discussion
Case Study 3: Lessons From Cuba: a Volunteer Army of Ambassadors
Introduction
NGOs and tourism
Development-oriented tours
Conclusion
7 Volunteer Tourism: An Existential Perspective
Introduction
Authenticity in Tourism Studies
Existential Authenticity
Authenticity, Voluntarist Ethics and Tourism
Conclusion
8 Communities as More than ‘Other’ in Cross-cultural Volunteer Tourism. Introduction
The Changing Nature of Tourist Privilege over Host in Volunteer Tourism
The Other
The Othering of Local Communities through Tourism
Cross-cultural Exchange
Conclusion
9 Looking at the Future of Volunteer Tourism: Commodification, Altruism and Accreditation
Commodification
Altruism (is not a Dirty Word)
The Role of Accreditation in the Future of Volunteer Tourism
A Final Word: Expanding the Research Agenda for Volunteer Tourism. Toward a more inclusive understanding of volunteer tourism
The future of volunteer tourism research
Notes
References
Index
