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Steven Briggs
Criminology For Dummies
Читать книгу Criminology For Dummies - Steven Briggs - Страница 1
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Criminology For Dummies® To view this book's Cheat Sheet, simply go to
www.dummies.com
and search for “Criminology For Dummies Cheat Sheet” in the Search box. Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Страница 8
Страница 9
Страница 10
Entering the World of Crime
Defining the Terms: What Crime Is and How You Measure It
Identifying elements of criminal behavior
Gathering crime statistics
Recognizing the Various Costs of Crime
Noting the financial impact
Respecting the price a victim pays
Considering Categories of Crime
Studying individual crimes
Focusing on organized crime
Spotlighting terrorism
Figuring Out What Makes Someone Commit a Crime
Making a rational decision
Pointing the finger at society
Blaming mental and physical defects
Waging a War against Crime
Policing the streets
Getting the feds involved
Working together in task forces
Bringing Criminals to Justice
Prosecuting crime
Determining punishment
Giving juveniles special attention
Страница 34
What Is Crime?
Understanding the Two Categories of Criminal Activity
Violating natural laws: Acts that are inherently bad
Violating manmade laws: Acts that aren’t inherently bad
HOW THE COMMON LAW DEVELOPED
Identifying Elements of a Criminal Law
Distinguishing civil from criminal law
Defining felonies and misdemeanors
CRIMINAL VERSUS CIVIL LAW IN THE O. J. SIMPSON CASE
Requiring a physical act
Having a guilty mind
Linking Criminal Behavior to Cultural Mores
Understanding that crimes change over time
Recognizing the impact of location
HOW VARIOUS STATES DEFINE THEFT
Realizing that politics play a role
Страница 51
How Crime Is Measured and Why It Matters
Gathering Crime Stats: How Much Crime Is There?
Relying on crime reports
Tallying the number of arrests
Spotlighting unreported crime: Victimization surveys
Accepting the shortcomings of crime statistics
Putting Crime Stats to Use
CONTROVERSY OVER CRIME REDUCTION
Considering the Costs of Crime
Funding the justice system
Measuring the costs to society and victims
Страница 63
Helping Those in the Wake of Crime: Victims
Looking at the Historical Treatment of Victims
Identifying the Impact of Crime on Victims
Physical scars
Emotional effects
Economic loss
Pinpointing Who Is Likely to Be Victimized
Considering personal characteristics
Taking a look at theories of victimization
Expanding Victim Services in the 21st Century
Crime victim compensation
Support of victim advocates
Direct help from private, nonprofit groups
Observing the Laws That Protect Victims’ Rights
Invoking victims’ rights
Enforcing victims’ rights
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Getting Violent: Crimes of Force
Identifying Types of Violent Crimes
Defining Homicide
Murder
First- and second-degree murder
Felony murder
Capital murder
Manslaughter
Negligent homicide
Assisting a suicide
Attacking or Threatening Someone: Assault and Battery
Vehicular assault
Spousal assault
Child abuse
Forcing Sexual Contact: Rape, Sodomy, and Child Molestation
Rape and sodomy
Child molestation
Looking at who commits child molestation
Considering the reasons why and the effects on victims
Taking Property under the Threat of Violence: Robbery
Kidnapping
U.S. VIOLENT CRIME RATES IN RECENT DECADES
Pinpointing Causes of Violence
Struggling with drugs and alcohol
Feeling the lasting effects of family troubles
ORGANIZED DRUG RIPS
Suffering from mental problems
Being influenced by society
Making a personal choice
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