Оглавление
Sylvain Pioch. Eco-design of Marine Infrastructures
Table of Contents
List of Illustrations
List of Tables
Guide
Pages
Eco-design of Marine Infrastructures. Towards Ecologically-informed Coastal and Ocean Development
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
1. Principles and Genesis of Maritime Eco-design
1.1. Principles of maritime eco-design
1.2. Definition of eco-design of marine infrastructures
1.3. Japanese inspiration
1.3.1. Influence of the Japanese vision for sea-friendly development projects
1.3.2. The Japanese Sato-umi
1.3.3. Artificial marine habitats: Japanese origin of inspiration for eco-design
1.4. Assessing the effects of a project on the environment: the impact study
1.4.1. Designing a better project for the environment
1.4.2. Informing the administrative authority on the decision to be taken
1.5. The “no net loss of biodiversity” objective: a regulatory obligation for developers, an opportunity for eco-design
1.6. Specificities of the environmental assessment related to the marine environment: the “natural” public maritime domain concept. 1.6.1. The natural public maritime domain, an essential concept
1.6.2. Managing the marine environment: a necessarily integrated approach
2. Maritime Civil Engineering
2.1. General information
2.2. Typology of coastlines5. 2.2.1. Coastal classification and sea-level evolution
2.2.2. Sea-level fluctuations and coastline erosion
2.2.3. Rocky shores
2.2.4. Soft coastlines
2.2.5. Fine material shorelines
2.2.6. Coral bioconstructed coastlines and mangroves7
2.2.7. Assessment
2.3. Coastal defense works
2.3.1. Main transverse structures: groins and jetties
2.3.2. Main longitudinal structures: breakwaters and upper beach structures
2.4. Port structures. 2.4.1. Criteria for establishing a port
2.4.2. Geographical location
2.4.3. Economic criteria
2.4.4. Operating principles of ports
2.4.4.1. Dry dock
2.4.4.2. Deepwater port
2.4.4.3. Wet dock
2.4.4.4. Assessment
2.4.5. Typology of port structures
2.5. Design approach. 2.5.1. The design methodology
2.5.2. Ocean data. 2.5.2.1. Tides
2.5.2.2. Wind
2.5.2.3. Sea states
2.5.3. Service actions
2.5.4. The usual design criteria
2.5.5. Geotechnical data
2.5.6. Data on construction materials. 2.5.6.1. Effects of the sea on steel and concrete
2.5.6.2. Protection of steel structures
2.5.6.3. Specifications for the concrete material
2.5.7. Synthesis
3. Eco-design of Marine Infrastructures
3.1. The evolution of research work towards the eco-design of marine structures
3.2. The modernized approach to project management
3.2.1. Eco-design actors
3.2.2. Development and maturation of an eco-designed development project
3.3. The methodological approach to eco-design: responding to the expressed need
3.3.1. Eco-design, an adapted technical response for engineers and project managers
3.3.2. Eco-design as a lever for modernizing the execution of works
3.3.3. Monitoring, control, validation and satisfaction for the user and nature
3.4. Infrastructure as a new support for marine life
3.4.1. Biophysical data of the environment
3.4.1.1. Study of abiotic factors
3.4.1.2. Study of biotic factors
3.4.1.2.1. Composition of colonizations
3.4.1.2.2. Community structure
3.4.1.2.3. Function of biological processes
3.4.1.3. Landscape and connectivity studies
3.4.1.3.1. Connections between habitats
3.4.2. Integration of the infrastructure into an ecosystem
3.4.2.1. Identification of habitats and functions created by the infrastructure
3.4.2.2. Selection of target species, habitats and species: prioritization of issues
3.4.2.3. Port target species
3.4.2.4. Targeted stages of development
3.4.2.5. Habitat requirements and functions of target species
3.4.3. Bio-inspiration and design of eco-designed structures
3.5. Eco-design at the material level: the example of concrete26. 3.5.1. A little history
3.5.2. Concrete, the state of the art. 3.5.2.1. Definition and constituents of concretes
3.5.2.2. Colonization of concrete in the marine environment
3.5.2.2.1. Chemical composition
3.5.2.2.2. Surface roughness
3.5.2.2.3. Porosity
3.5.2.2.4. Surface pH
3.5.2.2.5. Surface hydrophobicity
3.5.3. Concrete formulations. 3.5.3.1. The standard approach
3.5.3.2. Taking durability into account: the performance approach for concrete
3.5.4. The integrative eco-design of the performance approach: perspectives
4. Evidence Through Experience: Examples of Eco-designed Marine Projects
4.1. Mayotte submarine pipeline: an initial eco-designed marine structure
4.2. Bio-inspiration and nature-based solutions for artificial reef design
4.2.1. The value of creating artificial habitats
4.2.2. The issue of fish habitat creation
4.3. The scope of port eco-design
4.3.1. The concept of port eco-design
4.3.2. Eco-design of the port of Guilvinec-Lechiagat
4.3.3. Ecological structures designed as natural grass beds
4.3.4. “Calais Port 2015” port project
4.4. Eco-design for coastal protection
4.4.1. Beneficial use of coastal sediment transport: the Sand Motor project11
4.4.2. The experience of the ECOncrete company12
4.4.3. Landscape redevelopment of the East Darling Harbour waterfront in Sydney13
4.4.4. CLI’s experience with concrete dike shells: the need for eco-design14
4.4.5. Eco-design of the Brest harbor breakwater15
4.5. Biomimetic artificial reefs in Corsica (Ajaccio)
4.6. Artificial island eco-design. 4.6.1. The Monegasque government’s vision for the Principality of Monaco’s offshore extension17
4.6.2. The genesis of the eco-design of the Monegasque artificial peninsula project
4.7. Eco-design of mooring systems
4.7.1. Eco-design of moorings for recreational vessels in Guadeloupe
4.7.1.1. A first experience in Deshaies in 2013
4.7.1.2. Eco-design of moorings in Bouillante (2018–2020)
4.7.2. Eco-design by moorings for large vessels and yachts as a solution for the protection of the Mediterranean Posidonia meadow. 4.7.2.1. Actions taken by the Maritime Prefecture of the Mediterranean to protect the Posidonia meadow22
4.7.2.2. Open water ecomoorings for large vessels and tourism yachts in Corsica
4.8. Eco-design of offshore viaduct piles
4.9. Offshore wind farm project eco-design: multi-use perspectives
Conclusion
References
Index. A, B, C
D, E
H, I, M
N, P, R
S, T
U, W
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