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The Government of Michigan. Constitution of the State of Michigan
Constitution of the State of Michigan
Table of Contents
Preamble
ARTICLE I
BOUNDARIES
Territorial jurisdiction
ARTICLE 2
SEAT OF GOVERNMENT
Seat of government
ARTICLE 3
DIVISION OF THE POWERS OF GOVERNMENT
Departments of government
Limitations of powers of officers
ARTICLE 4
LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT
Legislative power
Senate; members; districts
House of representatives; members; districts
Census, time of taking; reapportionment of senators and representatives
Members must be citizens; removal vacates office
Certain officers ineligible
Privilege of members from arrest
Quorum
Officers; rules; expulsion
Journal; right of protest
Votes
Doors open to public; adjournments
Bills
Bills and resolutions; governor’s approval or veto; reconsideration
Compensation of members; mileage; copy of laws
Postage
Compensation of president and speaker
Appointment to other office; interest in state contracts
Three readings; final vote
Subject of bills; title; effective date
Extra compensation forbidden
Fuel and printing contracts; interest of members
Sale of real estate; vacating highways
Chaplain for state prison; religious services in legislature
Amendment or revision of laws
Divorce
Lotteries
Contested election; compensation
Ineligibility of certain persons
Private claims
Final adjournment
Meeting of the legislature
Election of members
State paper
Publication of statues and judicial decisions
Vacancies
Delegation of legislative power
Religious liberty
Appropriations for religious purposes forbidden
Opinions concerning religion
Liberty of speech and press
Attainder; ex post facto laws; impairment of contracts
Habeas Corpus
Appropriation for local or private purposes
Trial by jury
Indeterminate sentences
Style of laws
County and township roads, etc., taxation, indebtedness
ARTICLE 5
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
Governor; lieutenant governor
Eligibility
Election
Power of governor
Executive business
Execution of laws
Extra sessions
Messages
Convening legislature elsewhere than seat of government
Writs of elections
Reprieves and pardons; suspension of sentence in case of treason
Vacancy, absence, etc.; duty of lieutenant governor
President pro tempore of senate
President of senate
Ineligibility of certain persons
Ineligible to other office
Compensation
Great seal
Commissions
ARTICLE 6
JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT
Judicial power
Supreme court; term of justices
Same; jurisdiction
Terms of court
Court rules; master in chancery prohibited
Judicial circuits
Alteration of circuits
Jurisdiction of circuit courts; writs
Compensation; ineligible for other offices
Reporter; decisions, circuit judges to fill vacancies
Terms of court; holding court
Clerks of supreme and circuit courts
Courts of probate; jurisdiction
Vacancies, appointment
Courts of record
Circuit court commissioner
Justices of the peace; election; term of office
Same; jurisdiction
Conservator of the peace
Election of circuit judges
Judges of probate; election
Judges; vacancy in office
Courts of conciliation
Appearance; in person by attorney
Libels; justification; right of jury
Searches and seizures
Jury trial, waiver in civil cases
Rights of accused
Acquittal upon the merits; bail
Treason
Bail; punishment; detention of witnesses
Self-incrimination; due process
Imprisonment for debt; militia fines
Competency of witnesses
Style of process
ARTICLE 7
ELECTIONS
Qualification of electors
Votes by ballot
Elector privileged from arrest
Military duty; attendance of court
Residence of elector
Purity of elections
Soldiers, seaman, and marines
Disqualification for dueling
ARTICLE 8
STATE OFFICERS
Elective state officers; location of offices
Term of office
Vacancy, how filled
Board of state auditors; state canvassers
Legislature, tie vote of electorate, choice
ARTICLE 9
SALARIES
Salaries of state officers
ARTICLE 10
COUNTIES
Counties; corporate character; suits by or against
Same; townships, cities
County officers
Offices at county seat
Sheriff, other office; security; responsibility for acts
Board of supervisors
Same; representation of cities
Removal of county seat
Limitation on borrowing power; taxing power
Board of supervisors; powers; claims; appeals
Highways; bridges
ARTICLE 11
TOWNSHIPS
Township officers
Townships; corporate character; suits by or against
ARTICLE 12
IMPEACHMENTS AND REMOVALS FROM OFFICE
Impeachments
Trial of impeachment; conviction and judgment
Prosecution of impeachment
Impeachment of judicial officer
Vacancy by suspension; provisional appointment
Removal of judge
Removal of county, township, and school district officers
Removal of state officers
ARTICLE 13
EDUCATION
Supervision by the superintendent of public instruction
School fund
Escheats
Primary schools; instruction in English language
School term
Regents of university; election
Same; body corporate
President of university; supervision by regents
State board of education
Institution for deaf, dumb, blind, or insane
Agricultural school; appropriation; transfer to university
Township and city libraries; disposition of fines
ARTICLE 14
FINANCE AND TAXATION
Specific taxes; disposition
Sinking fund
Debts to meet deficits
Debts to repel invasion
Appropriations
State credit
Issue of scrip, etc
State not to own stock
Works of internal improvements
Taxation; collection; tax on corporations
Uniform rate of taxation
Assessments
Equalization
Laws imposing taxes
ARTICLE 15
CORPORATIONS
Incorporation
Banking law; vote of electors
Liability of bank stockholders
Registry of bills or notes; security required
Bill-holders entitled to preference
Suspension of specie payments
Liability of stockholders
Amending acts of incorporation
Property taken for public use; compensation
Corporation; term of; reorganization
Same; definition; suits by or against
Same; holding real estate
Incorporation of cities and villages
City and village officers; election
Eminent domain; compensation
Notice for change in charter
ARTICLE 16
EXEMPTIONS
Personal property
Homestead
Same death of owner
Same; rights of widow
Married women
ARTICLE 17
MILITIA
Militia; members; military duty; exemptions
Same; organization
Same; officers, election, appointment, commission
ARTICLE 18
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
Oath of office
Eminent domain; determination of necessity and compensation
Navigable streams; bridges; dams
Statement of receipts and expenditures; publication
Use of English language in laws, proceedings, etc
Right to bear arms
Military subordinate to civil power
Quartering of troops
Right of petition and assembly
Slavery prohibited
Leases of agricultural lands
Resident aliens may hold property
Private property; private roads
Revision of laws; compilation
ARTICLE 19
UPPER PENINSULA
Upper peninsula to constitute separate judicial district
Same; district judge
District attorney
Senators and representatives
Compensation of judicial officers; extra compensation for representatives
Time of election
Tax on mining corporations
State prison; location
Mining corporations; charter modified by legislature
ARTICLE 19a
RAILROADS
Rates; discrimination
Consolidation
ARTICLE 20
AMENDMENT AND REVISION OF THE CONSTITUTION
Amendments to constitution; submission
Revision of constitution; submission
SCHEDULE
Laws to remain in force until altered or repealed
Continuance of proceedings pending; organization of judicial department
Fines, penalties, etc
Recognizances, bonds and obligations
Governor; lieutenant governor
Officers to hold over
Same; senators and representatives
Same; county and township officers
Terms of judicial and court offices
Jurisdiction of pending suits
Jurisdiction of probate courts, justice of the peace and police court
State printer; term
Legislature to adapt laws to this constitution
Attorney general; report to legislature
Representatives of certain territory
Submission of constitution
Qualification of electors
Ballots
Canvass; proclamation by governor; election of officers
Expenditures of convention; publication of constitution
Representative districts
Pending chancery cases; legislature to provide for transfer
Term of governor and lieutenant governor
Upper peninsula, election of regent
Office of district judge and attorney may be abolished
Apportionment of senators and representatives
Terms of state and county officers
Judicial circuits
Footnote
