The Investigation of the Murder of Martin Luther King

The Investigation of the Murder of Martin Luther King
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Martin Luther King Jr. was an American Christian minister and activist who became the most visible spokesperson and leader in the Civil Rights Movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968. King is best known for advancing civil rights through nonviolence and civil disobedience, inspired by his Christian beliefs and the nonviolent activism of Mahatma Gandhi. FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover considered him a radical and made him an object of the FBI's COINTELPRO from 1963 on. FBI agents investigated him for possible communist ties, recorded his extramarital liaisons and reported on them to government officials, and, in 1964, mailed King a threatening anonymous letter, which he interpreted as an attempt to make him commit suicide. Before his death, King was planning a national occupation of Washington, D.C., to be called the Poor People's Campaign, when he was assassinated on April 4 in Memphis, Tennessee. His death was followed by riots in many U.S. cities. Allegations that James Earl Ray, the man convicted of killing King, had been framed or acted in concert with government agents persisted for decades after the shooting. In December 1993, decades after the murder, Loyd Jowers, a white man from Memphis, asserted that the Mafia and the U.S. government were involved in a conspiracy against Martin Luther King. Jowers claimed that he participated in a conspiracy to kill Dr. King, along with an alleged Mafia figure, Memphis police officers, and a man named Raoul. For 30 years, others have similarly alleged that Ray was Raoul's unwitting pawn and that a conspiracy orchestrated Dr. King's murder. These varied theories have generated several comprehensive government investigations regarding the assassination, none of which confirmed the existence of any conspiracy. United States Department of Justice has examined all allegations and presented its findings in this report.

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Various Authors . The Investigation of the Murder of Martin Luther King

The Investigation of the Murder of Martin Luther King

Table of Contents

Overview

Summary of the Findings of the Investigation

A. Findings Regarding Jowers' Allegations

B. Findings Regarding Wilson's Allegations

C. Findings Regarding Raoul

D. Findings Regarding The King v. Jowers Conspiracy Allegations

E. Findings Of Earlier Official Investigations

Description of the Investigative Process

A. The Investigative Team

B. The Investigation's Methodology

C. Scope Of The Investigation And Report

Summary of Facts Related to the Assassination

Jowers' Allegations

A. Introduction

B. The Origin Of Jowers' Allegations. 1. Statements between 1968-1992

2. The Evolution of the Alleged Confession

3. Jowers' 1993 Televised Prime Time Live Appearance

4. Subsequent Statements

C. Analysis Of Jowers' Statements Since 1993

1. Statements Rejecting Conspiracy Claims. a. Statement under oath

b. Other repudiations

2. Contradictory Conspiracy Claims

a. The man who allegedly shot Dr. King

b. Disposal of the alleged murder weapon

c. Jowers' alleged hiring of a hit man

d. The purpose of the alleged conspiracy

e. The alleged additional co-conspirator

f. The alleged role of Memphis police officers

3. Summary of Jowers' Statements since 1993

D. Analysis Of The Evidence

1. The Murder. a. Jowers' alleged receipt of the assassin's rifle

b. The alleged shooting of Dr. King from behind Jim's Grill

c. Jowers' alleged concealment of the murder weapon

2. The Alleged Conspiracy. a. Liberto's alleged involvement

b. Alleged involvement of Memphis police officers

3. Summary of Evidence regarding Jowers' Accounts

E. Jowers' Lack Of Cooperation

F. Analysis Of The Development Of Jowers' Allegations. 1. Jowers' Motivation

2. The Promotion of Jowers' Story

G. Conclusions Regarding Jowers' Allegations

Wilson's Allegations

A. Introduction

B. The Origin Of The Allegations. 1. April 1968: The Discovery of Ray's Mustang

2. March 1998: Wilson's Public Disclosure

3. September 1998: Wilson's Meeting with Our Investigative Team

C. Analysis Of Wilson's Contradictory Statements

1. Belated Revelation of an Additional Document

2. When and Where Wilson Allegedly Viewed the Documents and Recognized Their Significance

3. Alleged Reason for Concealing the Documents

4. Alleged Disappearance of Certain Documents

5. Alleged Location of the Documents

6. Conclusions about Wilson's Contradictory Statements

D. Analysis Of The Evidence

1. Wilson's Alleged Presence at Ray's Car

2. Wilson's Alleged Taking of Documents from Ray's Car

3. Wilson's Claims about the Doors of Ray's Car

4. Wilson's Purported Reason for Opening Ray's Car Door

5. Wilson's Claim regarding the Interior of Ray's Car

6. Wilson's Claim that He Participated in the Search of Ray's Room

7. Conclusions regarding the Evidence

E. Implausibilities In Wilson's Account

1. Wilson's Purported Motive for Tampering with Ray's Car

2. Wilson's Purported Motive for Public Disclosure after 30 Years of Silence

F. Scientific Testing And Analysis Of The Documents. 1. Description of the Documents

2. Results of Scientific Testing and Analysis

a. Origin and age of the documents

b. Authorship of the documents

c. Absence of latent fingerprints

d. Scientific analysis of the torn page from the 1963 Dallas telephone directory

G. Suspicious Circumstances Relating To The Torn Page From The 1963 Dallas Telephone Directory

H. Consideration Of Wilson's Belated Revelation Of An Additional Document

I. James Earl Ray's Comments About The Wilson Documents

J. Wilson's Conduct During Our Investigation. 1. Wilson's Refusal to Provide the Documents

2. Wilson's Refusal to Provide Information and Accept Immunity

3. Conclusions Regarding Wilson's Failure to Cooperate Fully

K. Conclusions Regarding Wilson's Allegations

Raoul and His Alleged Participation in the Assassination

A. Introduction

B. Suspects During The First 25 Years Following The Assassination

C. The Most Recent Allegations Regarding Raoul

1. Raoul's Alleged Participation in the Assassinations of Dr. King and President Kennedy

2. Searching for and Identifying Raoul

3. The New York Raul

a. The suspect photo array and identifications

b. The New York Raul could not speak English

c. The New York Raul's full-time employment and presence in his community

d. Evaluation of allegations relating to Dago

e. Conclusions regarding the New York Raul

D. Implications Of The New York Raul's Not Being Raoul

E. Ray's Contradictory Statements About Raoul

1. Ray's Description of Raoul

2. Purchase of the Alleged Murder Weapon

3. The Day of the Assassination

a. Ray's alibi

b. Ray's initial meeting with Raoul on the afternoon of the assassination

c. Ray's activities on the afternoon of the assassination

4. Conclusions about Ray's Contradictory Statements

F. John Ray's Allegation Regarding Raoul

G. Conclusions About Raoul's Alleged Participation In The Assassination

King v. Jowers Conspiracy Allegations

A. The King v. Jowers Trial

B. Evidence Alleging The Involvement Of The Federal Government. 1. Hearsay Evidence

2. Eyewitness Testimony

3. Analysis of the Evidence Alleging the Involvement of the Federal Government

a. Allegations of CIA and FBI involvement in a conspiracy

b. Allegations of a government conspiracy to silence Ray

c. Allegation of a conspiracy involving the President and Vice President

d. Allegations of military involvement in a conspiracy

C. Evidence Alleging The Involvement Of Dr. King's Associates

1. Dr. King and the Lorraine Motel

2. Dr. King's Security

3. Dr. King's Presence on the Balcony

D. Conclusions Regarding The King v. Jowers Conspiracy Claims

Conclusion and Recommendation

FOOTNOTES

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Various Authors

Official Government Report on Different Allegations, Alternative Version of the Memphis Assassination & Selected Eyewitness Accounts

.....

The possibility that the documents actually came from Ray's car is even more remote since Ray himself did not remember them. Indeed, Ray had the most to gain from Wilson's revelation since the documents would have been the only physical evidence in 30 years to support his claim that Raoul existed. Nonetheless, he declined to confirm that the papers came from his car.

It is equally implausible that a newly trained agent like Wilson, who joined the FBI because of his concern for civil rights, would have chosen to tamper with Ray's car, confiscate evidence, and potentially compromise the search for Dr. King's murderer. Wilson's claim that he concealed information potentially implicating the FBI for 20 years after he terminated his career as an agent and then again when he made his initial public disclosure in March 1998 is also particularly suspicious in light of his professed disdain for the FBI.

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