Оглавление
Victoria D. Alexander. Sociology of the Arts
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
SOCIOLOGY OF THE ARTS. Exploring Fine and Popular Forms
List of Illustrations
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Boxes
Preface and Acknowledgements
Acknowledgements (Second Edition)
Preface to the First Edition
Acknowledgments (First Edition)
1 Introduction: What is Art?
Defining Art
Terms for Art
The Sociology in Sociology of the Arts
Sociological Approaches
Sociological Theories
Structure of the Book
NOTES
Part I. The Relationship between Art and Society
2 Reflection Approaches
Roots of Reflection Approaches
More Recent Reflection Analyses
National Identity and Unsettled Times
Friendship as Utopian Solution
Gender Roles
Understanding Rituals
Race
Critique
Conclusion: The Fun House Mirror
Case Study 2.1 The Reflection of Race in Children’s Books
Points for Discussion
Case
NOTES
3 Shaping Approaches
Roots of Shaping Approaches
Marxism
Hegemony
The Frankfurt School
Art and Civilization
Mass Culture Theorists
Media Effects
Cultivation Theory
Framing
The Effects of Fine Arts
Critique
Methodological Issues
Audiences
Elitism
Conclusion
Case Study 3.1 Violence in Popular Arts. Points for Discussion
Case
Notes
NOTES
4 A Mediated View: The Cultural Diamond
A Better Diamond
Part IIA. The Cultural Diamond. The Production of Culture
5 Art Worlds and Artistic Fields
Howard Becker’s Art Worlds
The Division of Labor
Conventions
Constraints and Possibilities
The “Production of Culture”
Gatekeepers
Reward Systems
Market Structures
Artists’ Careers
Pierre Bourdieu’s The Field of Cultural Production
Critique of Production Approaches
Case Study 5.1 From Academy to Public Sale
Points for Discussion
Case
The Academic System
The Dealer–Critic System
Implications for Works of Art
Note
NOTES
6 Businesses and Industries
Industry Systems
Nobody Knows Principle
Decision Chains
Box 6.1 Change in the Film Fatal Attraction
Blockbusters
Globalization and the Digital Revolution
Oligopoly and Global Media
The Long Tail
Art and the State
The Profit Motive
Summary
Case Study 6.1 Innovation in Commercial Musical Theatre
Points for Discussion
Case
Notes
NOTES
7 Nonprofits and Networks
Nonprofit Organizations
Artistic Networks
Government and Art Worlds
Conclusions
Case Study 7.1 Piccolos on the Picket Line: A Strike in the Symphony
Points for Discussion
Case. Background
Conflict in the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra
NOTES
8 Artists
Artists, Art Worlds, and Fields
Artistic Careers and Labor Markets
Box 8.1 The Romantic Vision of the Artist
Artists and their Careers
Freelance Work
Superstars and Winner Take All Markets
Payment by Royalty
Inequality in Arts and Culture
Identifying Artists
Reputation
Creativity and Genius
Conclusion
Case Study 8.1 Nothing Succeeds Like Success: Careers in the Film Industry. Points for Discussion
Case
The Industry
A Life in the Pictures
NOTES
Part IIB. The Cultural Diamond. The Consumption of Culture
9 Consumption Approaches
Roots of Consumption Approaches
British Cultural Studies
The Active Audience
Power and Ideology
Reception Aesthetics
Box 9.1 Cowboys, Indians, and Western Movies
Critique
Case Study 9.1 Romance Novels as Combat and Compensation
Points for Discussion
Case. The Puzzle
The Study
The Findings
Notes
NOTES
10 Sites and Experiences
Conceptions of the Audience
Modes of Reception
Art in Private Settings
Consuming on Site
Museum Experiences
Tourist Experiences
Performance Experiences
Cinema Experiences
Consuming on Screens and Devices
Personal Music in Public Settings
Convergence and Participation
Continuities Amidst Change
Summary and Concluding Remarks
Case Study 10.1 The Experience of Music
Points for Discussion
Case
NOTES
11 Identities
Subcultures, Tribes, and Fans
Social Identities
Individuals’ Identities
Identities and Canonization
National Identities
Thin Cultures and Interpretive Communities
Reading Circles
Soap Opera
Summary
Case Study 11.1 Acropolis Now: National Identity and the Return of the Parthenon Marbles?1
Points for Discussion
Case
Background
Greek National Identity
The “Universal Museum”
Further Issues
Notes
NOTES
12 Distinction
High and Low Art Forms
Distinction
Omnivores
Culture Talk
Continuing Debate
The Institutionalization of High Art
Artistic Legitimation
Summary: The Honorific Title of “Art”
Case Study 12.1 New Forms of Cultural Capital? Debates about Distinction
Points for Discussion
Case
Notes
NOTES
Part III. Art in Society
13 The Art Itself
Art by Itself: Formal Analysis
Semiotics
Three Key Concepts
Mythologies
Representation
The Fabrication of Meaning
Box 13.1 An Explanation of Piero’s Baptism of Christ
The “Work Itself”
Summary and Concluding Thoughts
Case Study 13.1 The Renaissance Way of Seeing
Points for Discussion
Case
Notes
NOTES
14 The Constitution of Art in Society
Integrating Across the Diamond
Art and Aura
Artistic Fields
Constructing Art and Aesthetics
Art in Society
Gendering Genius
Art in the Sociology of Art
Conclusion
Case Study 14.1 A Strange Sensation: Controversies in Art1
Points for Discussion
Case
The Roots of Controversy
Notes
NOTES
15 Studying Art Sociologically
References
Index
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