History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella the Catholic
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William Hickling Prescott. History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella the Catholic
History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella the Catholic
Table of Contents
Volume 1
Table of Contents
PREFACE. TO THE FIRST EDITION
FOOTNOTES
PREFACE. TO THE THIRD ENGLISH EDITION
INTRODUCTION
SECTION I. VIEW OF THE CASTILIAN MONARCHY BEFORE THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY
FOOTNOTES
SECTION II. REVIEW OF THE CONSTITUTION OF ARAGON TO THE MIDDLE OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY
FOOTNOTES
PART FIRST
THE PERIOD WHEN THE DIFFERENT KINGDOMS OF SPAIN WERE FIRST UNITED UNDER ONE MONARCHY, AND A THOROUGH REFORM WAS INTRODUCED INTO THEIR INTERNAL ADMINISTRATION; OR THE PERIOD EXHIBITING MOST FULLY THE DOMESTIC POLICY OF FERDINAND AND ISABELLA
CHAPTER I. STATE OF CASTILE AT THE BIRTH OF ISABELLA.—REIGN OF JOHN II., OF CASTILE
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER II. CONDITION OF ARAGON DURING THE MINORITY OF FERDINAND.—REIGN OF JOHN II., OF ARAGON
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER III. REIGN OF HENRY IV., OF CASTILE—CIVIL WAR.—MARRIAGE OF FERDINAND AND ISABELLA
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER IV. FACTIONS IN CASTILE.—WAR BETWEEN FRANCE AND ARAGON.—DEATH OF HENRY IV., OF CASTILE
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER V. ACCESSION OF FERDINAND AND ISABELLA.—WAR OF THE SUCCESSION.—BATTLE OF TORO
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER VI. INTERNAL ADMINISTRATION OF CASTILE
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER VII. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE MODERN INQUISITION
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER VIII. REVIEW OF THE POLITICAL AND INTELLECTUAL CONDITION OF THE SPANISH ARABS PREVIOUS TO THE WAR OF GRANADA
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER IX. WAR OF GRANADA.—SURPRISE OF ZAHARA.—CAPTURE OF ALHAMA
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER X. WAR OF GRANADA.—UNSUCCESSFUL ATTEMPT ON LOJA.—DEFEAT IN THE AXARQUIA
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XI. WAR OF GRANADA.—GENERAL VIEW OF THE POLICY PURSUED IN THE CONDUCT OF THIS WAR
FOOTNOTES
Volume 2
Table of Contents
CHAPTER XII
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XIII. WAR OF GRANADA.—SURRENDER OF VELEZ MALAGA.—SIEGE AND CONQUEST OF MALAGA
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XIV. WAR OF GRANADA.—CONQUEST OF BAZA.—SUBMISSION OF EL ZAGAL
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XV. WAR OF GRANADA.—SIEGE AND SURRENDER OF THE CITY OF GRANADA
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XVI. APPLICATION OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS AT THE SPANISH COURT
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XVII. EXPULSION OF THE JEWS FROM SPAIN
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XVIII. ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATION OF FERDINAND.—RETURN AND SECOND VOYAGE OF COLUMBUS
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XIX. CASTILIAN LITERATURE.—CULTIVATION OF THE COURT.—CLASSICAL LEARNING.— SCIENCE
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XX. CASTILIAN LITERATURE.—ROMANCES OF CHIVALRY.—LYRICAL POETRY.-THE DRAMA
FOOTNOTES
PART SECOND
CHAPTER I. ITALIAN WARS.—GENERAL VIEW OF EUROPE.—INVASION OF ITALY BY CHARLES VIII. OF FRANCE
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER II. ITALIAN WARS.—RETREAT OF CHARLES VIII.—CAMPAIGNS OF GONSALVO DE CORDOVA.—FINAL EXPULSION OF THE FRENCH
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER III. ITALIAN WARS.—GONSALVO SUCCORS THE POPE.—TREATY WITH FRANCE.— ORGANIZATION OF THE SPANISH MILITIA
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER IV. ALLIANCES OF THE ROYAL FAMILY.—DEATH OF PRINCE JOHN AND PRINCESS ISABELLA
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER V. DEATH OF CARDINAL MENDOZA.—RISE OF XIMENES.—ECCLESIASTICAL REFORM
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER VI. XIMENES IN GRANADA—PERSECUTION, INSURRECTION, AND CONVERSION OF THE MOORS
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER VII. RISING IN THE ALPUXARRAS.—DEATH OF ALONSO DE AGUILAR.—EDICT AGAINST THE MOORS
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER VIII. COLUMBUS.—PROSECUTION OF DISCOVERY.—HIS TREATMENT BY THE COURT
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER IX. SPANISH COLONIAL POLICY
FOOTNOTES
Volume 3
Table of Contents
CHAPTER X. ITALIAN WARS.—PARTITION OF NAPLES.—GONSALVO OVERRUNS CALABRIA
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XI. ITALIAN WARS.—RUPTURE WITH FRANCE.—GONSALVO BESIEGED IN BARLETA
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XII. ITALIAN WARS.—NEGOTIATIONS WITH FRANCE.—VICTORY OF CERIGNOLA.—SURRENDER OF NAPLES
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XIII. NEGOTIATIONS WITH FRANCE.—UNSUCCESSFUL INVASION OF SPAIN.—TRUCE
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XIV. ITALIAN WARS.—CONDITION OF ITALY.—FRENCH AND SPANISH ARMIES ON THE GARIGLIANO
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XV. ITALIAN WARS.—ROUT OF THE GARIGLIANO.—TREATY WITH FRANCE.—GONSALVO'S MILITARY CONDUCT
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XVI. ILLNESS AND DEATH OF ISABELLA.—HER CHARACTER
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XVII. FERDINAND REGENT.—HIS SECOND MARRIAGE.—DISSENSIONS WITH PHILIP.— RESIGNATION OF THE REGENCY
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XVIII. COLUMBUS.—HIS RETURN TO SPAIN.—HIS DEATH
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XIX. REIGN AND DEATH OF PHILIP I.—PROCEEDINGS IN CASTILE.—FERDINAND VISITS NAPLES
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XX. FERDINAND'S RETURN AND REGENCY.—GONSALVO'S HONORS AND RETIREMENT
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XXI. XIMENES.—CONQUESTS IN AFRICA—UNIVERSITY OF ALCALÁ.—POLYGLOT BIBLE
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XXII. WARS AND POLITICS OF ITALY. 1508–1513
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XXIII. CONQUEST OF NAVARRE
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XXIV. DEATH OF GONSALVO DE CORDOVA.—ILLNESS AND DEATH OF FERDINAND.—HIS CHARACTER
"MAHOMETICAE SECTAE PROSTRATORES, ET HAERETICAE PERVICACIAE EXTINCTORES, FERNANDUS ARAGONUM, ET HELISABETA CASTELLAE, VIR ET UXOR UNANIMES, CATHOLICI APPELLATI, MARMOREO CLAUDUNTUR HOC TUMULO." [42]
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XXV. ADMINISTRATION, DEATH, AND CHARACTER OF CARDINAL XIMENES
FOOTNOTES
CHAPTER XXVI. GENERAL REVIEW OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF FERDINAND AND ISABELLA
FOOTNOTES
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William Hickling Prescott
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[22] In one of the Paston letters, we find the notice of a Spanish knight appearing at the court of Henry VI., "wyth a Kercheff of Plesaunce iwrapped aboute hys arme, the gwych Knight," says the writer, "wyl renne a cours wyth a sharpe spere for his sou'eyn lady sake." (Fenn, Original Letters, (1787,) vol. i. p. 6.) The practice of using sharp spears, instead of the guarded and blunted weapons usual in the tournament, seems to have been affected by the chivalrous nobles of Castile; many of whom, says the chronicle of Juan II., lost their lives from this circumstance, in the splendid tourney given in honor of the nuptials of Blanche of Navarre and Henry, son of John II. (Crónica de D. Juan II., (Valencia, 1779,) p. 411.) Monstrelet records the adventures of a Spanish cavalier, who "travelled all the way to the court of Burgundy to seek honor and reverence" by his feats of arms. His antagonist was the Lord of Chargny; on the second day they fought with battle-axes, and "the Castilian attracted general admiration, by his uncommon daring in fighting with his visor up." Chroniques, (Paris, 1595,) tom. ii. p. 109.
[23] The Venetian ambassador, Navagiero, speaking of the manners of the Castilian nobles, in Charles V.'s time, remarks somewhat bluntly, that, "if their power were equal to their pride, the whole world would not be able to withstand them." Viaggio fatto in Spagna et in Francia, (Vinegia, 1563,) fol. 10.
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