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Ziad Al-Ani. Practical Procedures in Dental Occlusion
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Guide
Pages
Practical Procedures in Dental Occlusion
Acknowledgements
About the Companion Website
About the Book
Chapter 1 – Terminology
Chapter 2 – Neuroanatomy – Why is It Important?
Chapter 3 – What's of Use to Me in Practice? Armamentarium, Equipment and Techniques
Chapter 4 – I Don't Know What I Am Recording Where are the True Contacts?
Chapter 5 – The Crown is High
Chapter 6 – My Bite Feels Different
Chapter 7 – My Front Tooth Filling Keeps Fracturing
Chapter 8 – TMD and Occlusion – Is There a Link?
Chapter 9 – How Would I Adjust a High Occlusal Contact?
Chapter 10 – How Would I Ensure a Good Occlusion on Posterior Composite Restorations?
Chapter 11 – My Front Teeth Feel Loose and Are Moving
Chapter 12 – Canine Guidance or Group Function?
Chapter 13 – Replacing Missing Teeth – Abutment is Involved with Guidance
Chapter 14 – The Space is Lost! Loss of Occlusal Space Following Crown Prep
Chapter 15 – My Front Teeth Are Worn
Chapter 16 – All My Teeth Are Restored But Don't Meet Like They Did Before
Chapter 17 – I Am Breaking My Teeth and Veneers and Lost a Tooth Due To Grinding
Chapter 18 – Occlusion on Implants. Any difference?
Glossary of Terms
Short Answer Questions
1 Terminology
References
2 Neuroanatomy – Why is It Important? Introduction
Neuroanatomy
Mastication
What is the Goal of Mastication?
Sensory and Motor Feedbacks. PDMRs
Pulp
Muscles
TMJ
Soft Tissue Receptors
Deglutition (Swallowing)
Phonetics
Cognitive Trap
Conclusion
References
Further Reading
3 What's of Use to Me in Practice? Armamentarium, Equipment and Techniques. The Occlusal Examination Tray
Shimstock Foil. Function, Features, and Practical Tips
Articulating Papers. Function, Features, and Practical Tips
Miller's Forceps. Function, Features, and Practical Tips
Registration Media and Techniques
Polyvinyl Siloxane Syringable Materials
Centric Relation Record
Facebow Registration. Function, Features, and Practical Tips
Using the Facebow: Step by Step. Locating and Marking a Reference Point on the Patient's Face
Taking the Facebow Registration (Assembling the Earbow on the Patient)
Articulators. Function, Features, and Practical Tips. Simple Hinge Articulators (Non‐anatomical Occlude), Semi‐Adjustable, and Average‐Value Articulators
Parts and Components of Semi‐Adjustable Articulator
How to Make a Stabilisation Splint (SS)
Practical Steps of Making an SS
Facebow Registration
Centric Relation Registration and Mounting the Casts in CR
Mounting the Casts on a Semi‐adjustable Articulator
Fitting a Stabilisation Splint
Further Reading
4 I Don't Know What I Am Recording. Where Are the True Contacts? Scenario
Rationale
Occlusal Morphology
Marginal Ridge Rule
Fossa Rule
Procedure. Survey (Visual)
How to Transfer the Colour
Fremitus (Touch)
Observe (Listen)
Patient Feedback
Conclusion
References
Further Reading
5 The Crown is High. Scenario
Rationale
Tooth Level
Muscle Level
Joint Level
Short‐Term Risks
Medium‐ and Long‐Term Risks
Procedure. Treatment Planning Stage
Occlusal Contacts – Static and Dynamic Contacts
Preparation Stage
Preimpression Stage
Impression Seating
Removal and Analysis
Interocclusal Record
Verification of the Study Models
Laboratory Stage
Articulator
Provisional Restoration
Cementation Stage
Scenario Completion
References
6 My Bite Feels Different
What was the Most Likely Cause of the Patient's Complaint?
How Can This Conformative Approach Be Adopted Practically?
Can the Dentist Adjust the Teeth Opposing the Bridge to Improve the Occlusion and Hopefully Reduce the Patient's Discomfort? No!
Further Reading
7 ‘My Front Tooth Filling Keeps Fracturing’ Scenario
Rationale
Procedure
Static Assessment
Dynamic Assessment
Cause of Wear
Summary
References
8 TMD and Occlusion – Is There a Link?
Is There Any Evidence to Support the Use of Occlusal Adjustment as an Initial Therapy in TMD Management?
Occlusal Adjustment for Treating TMD Patients
Further Reading
9 How Would I Adjust a High Occlusal Contact? Scenario
Rationale
Equipment
Burs
Shank
Material
Bur Type
Articulating Paper
Polishing Kits
Procedure. How Do We Use This Equipment? Types of Proud Occlusal Contacts
Amount of Contact Area
Location
What is the Outcome of Introducing a New Contact?
Principles of Adjustment
References
10. How Would I Ensure a Good Occlusion on Posterior Composite Restorations?
Static Occlusion
Occlusal Surface Morphology and Anterior Guidance
Further Reading
11 My Front Teeth Feel Loose and Are Moving
Retruded Contact Position Can Be Associated with Occlusal Problems
Conforming to Existing Guidance When Restoring Anterior Teeth: Copying Anterior Guidance
Clinical Case
Further Reading
12 Canine Guidance or Group Function?
Canine Guided Occlusion. Introduction
How To Establish Canine Guidance. Using Direct or Indirect Composite, Also Called Canine Risers (Ramp)
Using a Laboratory
What Happens If the Canines are Compromised?
Group Function Occlusion. Introduction
How to Establish GFO. Functionally Generated Path Technique (Analogue Method)
Equipment Required
Stages
MODJAW (Digital Method)
Mastication
Masticatory Cycle or The Envelope of Function
References
Further Reading
13 Replacing Missing Teeth – Abutment is Involved with Guidance
14 The Space is Lost! Loss of Occlusal SpaceFollowing Crown Prep
Dealing with This Problem Clinically. Technique 1
Technique 2
Technique 3 (Island Technique)
Further Reading
15 My Front Teeth are Worn. Scenario
Rationale
Types of Tooth Surface Loss
Abrasion
Abfraction
Attrition
Erosion
How Does Saliva Play a Role in Tooth Surface Loss?
Dentoalveolar Compensation
Constricted Chewing Pattern (CCP)
Test
Procedure
Options
Management of Tooth Surface Loss
Objectives of Treatment
Minimal Wear
Moderate and Severe Wear
Facial Analysis
Horizontal Reference Lines
Vertical Reference Lines
Aesthetic Analysis. Photographs and videos aid this process
Dental Analysis
Tooth Exposure at Rest
Incisal Edge
Smile Line
Incisor Shape/Size and Proportion
Functional Analysis
Occlusal Plane/Incisal Plane
Edentulous Patients
Dentate Patients. Frankfort's Plane (FP)
Axis – Orbital Plane (AOP)
Curve of Spee
Phonetics
Joint Loading and Sleep Apnoea
Anterior Guidance
Centric Relation
Dahl Concept
Steps for DAHL Treatment
Stages
Measurements required
Laboratory Prescription
References
Further Reading
16 All My Teeth Are Restored But Don't Meet Like They Did Before. Scenario
Rationale
So What is Occlusal Dysthesia?
Procedure
Temporomandibular Joint
Muscle Tenderness
Treatment Plan
Phase 1 – Stabilisation Phase
Splint Usage
Review and Wear Protocol
Phase 2 – Provisionalisation Phase
Phase 3 – Transfer into Definitive Restorations
Option 1
Option 2
Steps
References
Further Reading
17 I Am Breaking My Teeth and Veneers and Lost a Tooth Due to Grinding. Scenario
Rationale
Digital Occlusion
Occlusal Vertical Dimension
Rationale for Changing OVD
Determining the Amount of OVD Required (Figures 17.2 and 17.3)
Is It Safe to Increase the OVD?
Conclusion Regarding OVD
Procedure
Aesthetic Analysis
Functional Analysis
Digital Scanning
Postocclusal Analysis Utilising the T‐Scan
References
Further Reading
18 Occlusion on Implants. Any Difference? Good Occlusal Practice in Implantology
Implant‐Protected Occlusion (IPO): The Ten General Principles. Principle 1: Axial Loading is Required
Principle 2: Avoid Overloading Factors
Principle 3: Implant Positioning
Principle 4: Decrease Offset Loads
Principle 5: Maintain a Narrow Posterior Occlusal Table
Principle 6: Freedom in Centric Concept Must Be Adopted
Principle 7: Fine Tuning of the Occlusion
Principle 8: Increase Proximal Contact Area
Principle 9: Mutually Protected Articulation
Principle 10: Protection of Implants in Bruxists and Regular Evaluation and Maintenance
Suggested Clinical Protocols. Single Implant‐Supported Crown
Further Reading
Glossary of Terms
Further Reading
Short Answer Questions
Index. a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
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j
l
m
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p
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t
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