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AMS in children can be subtle. Look for age‐specific behaviors that range from irritability to anger to sleepiness to decreased interaction. As with adults, caregivers may use the mnemonic AEIOU TIPPS (Box 15.1) to assist in developing the differential diagnosis. The pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is defined as appearance, work of breathing, and circulation and is a rapid method of determining abnormality in pediatric patients. To use the PAT effectively, EMS personnel must have a solid understanding of age‐appropriate vital signs [9].