Читать книгу Emergency Medical Services - Группа авторов - Страница 485

Rhabdomyolysis is caused by muscle breakdown and release of intracellular material including myoglobin, leading to renal damage. In adults, alcohol and drug intoxication, trauma, prolonged immobility, excessive strenuous activity, toxic ingestions, and infections can lead to this syndrome. Symptoms include weakness, myalgia, mental status change, and darkened urine. Assessment for arrhythmias should be done, as prehospital treatment of hyperkalemia may be required, especially in cases involving prolonged extrication with potential crush syndrome. Specific treatment of hyperkalemia will be discussed later in the chapter. The mainstay of treatment for rhabdomyolysis otherwise is adequate resuscitation with crystalloid IV fluids and transport. Hospital admission is often needed for treatment of resulting metabolic abnormalities [25, 26].