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List of Acronyms

AHJauthority having jurisdictionAIChEAmerican Institute of Chemical EngineersALARPas low as reasonably practicableBCMbusiness continuity managementBCMSBusiness Continuity Management SystemBFAbarrier failure analysisBIAbusiness impact analysisBPCSbasic process control systemBRFbasic risk factorBSCATbarrier‐based systematic cause analysis techniqueBTBow‐TieCCDcause‐consequence diagramCCPSCentre for Chemical Process SafetyCOSOCommittee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway CommissionERMenterprise risk managementETAevent tree analysisFARSIfunctionality, availability, reliability, survivability and interactionsFMEAfailure modes and effects analysisFMECAfailure modes, effects, and criticality analysisFMEDAfailure modes, effects, and diagnostic analysisFSMSfire safety management systemFTAfault tree analysisGAMABglobally at least as goodGIGOgarbage in, garbage outHAZIDhazard identificationHAZOPhazard and operability analysisHEARThuman error assessment and reduction techniqueHEMPhazard and effects management processHEPhuman error probabilityHFACShuman factors analysis and classification schemeHLShigh‐level systemHSEhealth, safety, and environmentHSEQhealth, safety, environment, and qualityICTinformation and communications technologyIEinitial eventIECInternational Electrotechnical CommissionIEFinitial event frequencyIPLindividual protection layerIRMThe Institute of Risk ManagementIRPAindividual risk per annumIRTindependent protection layer response timeISOInternational Organization for StandardizationITinformation technologyKPIkey performance indicatorLFElearning from experienceLOPAlayer of protection analysisLOPCloss of primary containmentMEMminimum endogenous mortalityMGSat least the same level of safetyMOCmanagement of changeNFPANational Fire Protection AssociationNMAUnot more than unavoidablePDCAPlan‐Do‐Check‐ActP&IDpiping and instrumentation diagramPFDprobability of failure on demandPHApreliminary hazard analysisPIFperformance‐influencing factorPPEpersonal protective equipmentPSMprocess safety managementQIQOquality in, quality outQRAquantitative risk assessmentRArisk assessmentRAGAGEPrecognized and generally accepted good engineering practiceRBDreliability block diagramRCAroot cause analysisRMrisk managementROIreturn on investmentRPNrisk priority numberRRFrisk‐reducing factorSCEsafety critical equipmentSHIPPsystem hazard identification, prediction and preventionSIFsafety instrumented functionSILsafety integrity levelSISsafety instrumented systemSLCsafety life cycleSLIMSuccess Likelihood Index MethodSMSsafety management systemSPAR‐HStandardized Plant Analysis Risk‐Human Reliability AnalysisTHERPtechnique for human error‐rate predictionTRtechnical report