Summa Theologica, Part I-II (Pars Prima Secundae)

Summa Theologica, Part I-II (Pars Prima Secundae)
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Summa Theologica Part I-II (Pars Prima Secundae) Thomas Aquinas – The Summa Theologiae (Latin: Compendium of Theology or Theological Compendium; also subsequently called the Summa Theologica or simply the Summa, written 1265-1274) is the best-known work of Thomas Aquinas (c.1225-1274), and although unfinished, «one of the classics of the history of philosophy and one of the most influential works of Western literature.» It is intended as a manual for beginners in theology and a compendium of all of the main theological teachings of the Church. It presents the reasoning for almost all points of Christian theology in the West. The Summa's topics follow a cycle: the existence of God; Creation, Man; Man's purpose; Christ; the Sacraments; and back to God. (courtesy of wikipedia.com).
This is part 1-2, 'Pars Prima Secundae'.
In a chain of acts of will, man strives for the highest end. They are free acts, insofar as man has in himself the knowledge of their end (and therein the principle of action). In that the will wills the end, it wills also the appropriate means, chooses freely and completes the consensus. Whether the act be good or evil depends on the end. The «human reason» pronounces judgment concerning the character of the end; it is, therefore, the law for action. Human acts, however, are meritorious insofar as they promote the purpose of God and his honor.
By repeating a good action, man acquires a moral habit or a quality which enables him to do the good gladly and easily. This is true, however, only of the intellectual and moral virtues (which Aquinas treats after the manner of Aristotle); the theological virtues are imparted by God to man as a «disposition», from which the acts here proceed; while they strengthen, they do not form it. The «disposition» of evil is the opposite alternative. An act becomes evil through deviation from the reason, and from divine moral law.

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Thomas Aquinas. Summa Theologica, Part I-II (Pars Prima Secundae)

PUBLISHER NOTES:

Prologue

Question 1. Of Man's Last End (In Eight Articles)

Question 2. Of Those Things In Which Man's Happiness Consists (In Eight Articles)

Question 3. What Is Happiness (In Eight Articles)

Question 4. Of Those Things That Are Required For Happiness (In Eight Articles)

Question 5. Of The Attainment Of Happiness (In Eight Articles)

Question 6. Of The Voluntary And The Involuntary (In Eight Articles)

Question 7. Of The Circumstances Of Human Acts (In Four Articles)

Question 8. Of The Will, In Regard To What It Wills (In Three Articles)

Question 9. Of That Which Moves The Will (In Six Articles)

Question 10. Of The Manner In Which The Will Is Moved (In Four Articles)

Question 11. Of Enjoyment [*Or, Fruition], Which Is An Act Of The Will (In Four Articles)

Question 12. Of Intention (In Five Articles)

Question 13. Of Choice, Which Is An Act Of The Will With Regard To The Means (In Six Articles)

Question 14. Of Counsel, Which Precedes Choice (In Six Articles)

Question 15. Of Consent, Which Is An Act Of The Will In Regard To The Means (In Four Articles)

Question 16. Of Use, Which Is An Act Of The Will In Regard To The Means (In Four Articles)

Question 17. Of The Acts Commanded By The Will (In Nine Articles)

Question 18. Of The Good And Evil Of Human Acts, In General (In Eleven Articles)

Question 19. Of The Goodness And Malice Of The Interior Act Of The Will (In Ten Articles)

Question 20. Of Goodness And Malice In External Human Actions (In Six Articles)

Question 21. Of The Consequences Of Human Actions By Reason Of Their Goodness And Malice (In Four Articles)

Question 22. Of The Subject Of The Soul's Passions (In Three Articles)

Question 23. How The Passions Differ From One Another (In Four Articles)

Question 24. Of Good And Evil In The Passions Of The Soul (In Four Articles)

Question 25. Of The Order Of The Passions To One Another (In Four Articles)

Question 26. Of The Passions Of The Soul In Particular: And First, Of Love (In Four Articles)

Question 27. Of The Cause Of Love (In Four Articles)

Question 28. Of The Effects Of Love (In Six Articles)

Question 29. Of Hatred (In Six Articles)

Question 30. Of Concupiscence (In Four Articles)

Question 31. Of Delight [*Or, Pleasure] Considered In Itself (In Eight Articles)

Question 32. Of The Cause Of Pleasure (In Eight Articles)

Question 33. Of The Effects Of Pleasure (In Four Articles)

Question 34. Of The Goodness And Malice Of Pleasures (In Four Articles)

Question 35. Of Pain Or Sorrow, In Itself (In Eight Articles)

Question 36. Of The Causes Of Sorrow Or Pain (In Four Articles)

Question 37. Of The Effects Of Pain Or Sorrow (In Four Articles)

Question 38. Of The Remedies Of Sorrow Or Pain (In Four Articles)

Question 39. Of The Goodness And Malice Of Sorrow Or Pain (In Four Articles)

Question 40. Of The Irascible Passions, And First, Of Hope And Despair (In Eight Articles)

Question 41. Of Fear, In Itself (In Four Articles)

Question 42. Of The Object Of Fear (In Six Articles)

Question 43. Of The Cause Of Fear (In Two Articles)

Question 44. Of The Effects Of Fear (In Four Articles)

Question 45. Of Daring (In Four Articles)

Question 46. Of Anger, In Itself (In Eight Articles)

Question 47. Of The Cause That Provokes Anger, And Of The Remedies Of Anger (In Four Articles)

Question 48. Of The Effects Of Anger (In Four Articles)

Question 49. Of Habits In General, As To Their Substance (In Four Articles)

Question 50. Of The Subject Of Habits (In Six Articles)

Question 51. Of The Cause Of Habits, As To Their Formation (In Four Articles)

Question 52. Of The Increase Of Habits (In Three Articles)

Question 53. How Habits Are Corrupted Or Diminished (In Three Articles)

Question 54. Of The Distinction Of Habits (In Four Articles)

Question 55. Of The Virtues, As To Their Essence (In Four Articles)

Question 56. Of The Subject Of Virtue (In Six Articles)

Question 57. Of The Intellectual Virtues (In Six Articles)

Question 58. Of The Difference Between Moral And Intellectual Virtues (In Five Articles)

Question 59. Of Moral Virtue In Relation To The Passions (In Five Articles)

Question 60. How The Moral Virtues Differ From One Another (Five Articles)

Question 61. Of The Cardinal Virtues (In Five Articles)

Question 62. Of The Theological Virtues (In Four Articles)

Question 63. Of The Cause Of Virtues (In Four Articles)

Question 64. Of The Mean Of Virtue (In Four Articles)

Question 65. Of The Connection Of Virtues (In Five Articles)

Question 66. Of Equality Among The Virtues (In Six Articles)

Question 67. Of The Duration Of Virtues After This Life (In Six Articles)

Question 68. Of The Gifts (In Eight Articles)

Question 69. Of The Beatitudes (In Four Articles)

Question 70. Of The Fruits Of The Holy Ghost (In Four Articles)

Question 71. Of Vice And Sin Considered In Themselves (In Six Articles)

Question 72. Of The Distinction Of Sins (In Nine Articles)

Question 73. Of The Comparison Of One Sin With Another (In Ten Articles)

Question 74. Of The Subject Of Sin (In Ten Articles)

Question 75. Of The Causes Of Sin, In General (In Four Articles)

Question 76. Of The Causes Of Sin, In Particular (In Four Articles)

Question 77. Of The Cause Of Sin, On The Part Of The Sensitive Appetite (In Eight Articles)

Question 78. Of That Cause Of Sin Which Is Malice (In Four Articles)

Question 79. Of The External Causes Of Sin (In Four Articles)

Question 80. Of The Cause Of Sin, As Regards The Devil (In Four Articles)

Question 81. Of The Cause Of Sin, On The Part Of Man (In Five Articles)

Question 82. Of Original Sin, As To Its Essence (Question 82)

Question 83. Of The Subject Of Original Sin (In Four Articles)

Question 84. Of The Cause Of Sin, In Respect Of One Sin Being The Cause Of Another (In Four Articles)

Question 85. Of The Effects Of Sin, And, First, Of The Corruption Of The Good Of Nature (In Six Articles)

Question 86. Of The Stain Of Sin (In Two Articles)

Question 87. Of The Debt Of Punishment (In Eight Articles)

Question 88. Of Venial And Mortal Sin (In Six Articles)

Question 89. Of Venial Sin In Itself (In Six Articles)

Question 90. Of The Essence Of Law (In Four Articles)

Question 91. Of The Various Kinds Of Law (In Six Articles)

Question 92. Of The Effects Of Law (In Two Articles)

Question 93. Of The Eternal Law (In Six Articles)

Question 94. Of The Natural Law (In Six Articles)

Question 95. Of Human Law (In Four Articles)

Question 96. Of The Power Of Human Law (In Six Articles)

Question 97. Of Change In Laws (In Four Articles)

Question 98. Of The Old Law (In Six Articles)

Question 99. Of The Precepts Of The Old Law (In Six Articles)

Question 100. Of The Moral Precepts Of The Old Law (In Twelve Articles)

Question 101. Of The Ceremonial Precepts In Themselves (In Four Articles)

Question 102. Of The Causes Of The Ceremonial Precepts (In Six Articles)

Question 103. Of The Duration Of The Ceremonial Precepts (In Four Articles)

Question 104. Of The Judicial Precepts (In Four Articles)

Question 105. Of The Reason For The Judicial Precepts (In Four Articles)

Question 106. Of The Law Of The Gospel, Called The New Law, Considered In Itself (In Four Articles)

Question 107. Of The New Law As Compared With The Old (In Four Articles)

Question 108. Of Those Things That Are Contained In The New Law (In Four Articles)

Question 109. Of The Necessity Of Grace (In Ten Articles)

Question 110. Of The Grace Of God As Regards Its Essence (In Four Articles)

Question 111. Of The Division Of Grace (In Five Articles)

Question 112. Of The Cause Of Grace (In Five Articles)

Question 113. Of The Effects Of Grace (In Ten Articles)

Question 114. Of Merit (In Ten Articles)

PUBLISHER NOTES:

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Table of Contents

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Thomas Aquinas

Summa Theologica, Part I-II (Pars Prima Secundae)

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Obj. 2: Further, the Philosopher says at the beginning of his

Metaphysics (i. 2) that speculative science is sought for its own sake.

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