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Each step — from spaghetti programming, to structured programming, to event-driven programming, to object-oriented programming, to protocol-oriented programming, to design patterns — is meant to guide programmers into writing better-organized programs that can be modified quickly and easily. Today, object-oriented programming, protocol-oriented programming, and design patterns are popular, but tomorrow, another programming methodology will likely arrive to deal with the shortcomings of object-oriented programming, protocol-oriented programming, and design patterns.

You want to avoid spaghetti programming, but structured programming, event-driven programming, object-oriented programming, and protocol-oriented programming are often used in the same program. You may use object-oriented programming and protocol-oriented programming to divide a program into objects, and then use structured programming to organize the commands you write and store inside each object. Finally, you may use event-driven programming to design a fancy UI so people know how to use your program.

By using each programming methodology’s strengths, you can create a well-designed program, on time, that actually works. Given the track record of government agencies and Fortune 500 corporations, creating working software on time is the closest thing to a miracle that most people will ever experience in a lifetime!