Читать книгу A Study of Association in Insanity - A. J. Rosanoff - Страница 11

Value of reaction 0 ± 0.1 0.2–0.5 0.6–1.5 1.6–10 >10

Sex Number % % % % % % %

of cases

Persons of M.. 60 9.2 1.8 5.2 9.7 11.0 27.8 85.5

collegiate F … 40 9.5 1.8 8.0 9.8 11.7 28.0 83.4

education Both 100 9.3 1.8 4.7 8.7 11.8 28.2 34.4

Persons of M.. 50 5.8 1.6 8.6 8.3 10.2 81.6 88.7

common school F.. 50 4.6 1.8 8.8 7.1 9.4 82.0 42.1

education Both 100 5.2 1.4 3.5 7.7 9.8 81.8 40.4

School children M … 33 5.9 0.8 4.2 8.7 10.0 28.6 88.5

under 16 Jr. F.. 45 5.0 1.0 4.6 9.8 11.0 80.1 36.7

years of age Both 78 5.7 1.4 4.6 9.8 11.2 29.4 87.4

General average. Both.1000 6.8 1.5

It will be observed that the proportion of individual reactions given by the subjects of collegiate education is slightly above the general average for all subjects, while that of each of the other classes is below the general average. In view, however, of the wide limits of variation, among the thousand subjects, these deviations from the general average are no larger than might quite possibly occur by chance, and the number of cases in each group is so small that the conclusion that education tends to increase the number of individual reactions would hardly be justified.

It will be observed also that this comparative study does not show any considerable differences corresponding to age or sex.

With regard to the type of reaction, it is possible to select groups of records which present more or less consistently one of the following special tendencies: (1) the tendency to react by contrasts; (2) the tendency to react by synonyms or other defining terms; and (3) the tendency to react by qualifying or specifying terms. How clearly the selected groups show these tendencies is indicated by Table II. The majority of records, however, present no such tendency in a consistent way; nor is there any evidence to show that these tendencies, when they occur, are to be regarded as manifestations of permanent mental characteristics, since they might quite possibly be due to a more or less accidental and transient associational direction. No further study has as yet been made of these tendencies, for the reason that they do not appear to possess any pathological significance.