Men of Honour: Trafalgar and the Making of the English Hero
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Adam Nicolson. Men of Honour: Trafalgar and the Making of the English Hero
MEN OF HONOUR
ADAM NICOLSON
By the same author
Table of Contents
Preface
Part I Morning
1 Zeal
2 Order and Anxiety
3 Honour
4 Love
5 Boldness
Part II Battle
6 Violence
7 Humanity
8 Nobility
Bibliography
Index
Acknowledgements
About the author
Copyright
About the Publisher
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Trafalgar and the Making of the English Hero
Title Page
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It would be a mistake, though, to think of the French naval officers as doing little more than living out a selfdeluded, aristocratic fantasia. It is true that they were deeply attached to and proud of their aristocratic traditions. It is equally true that there was fierce regional conflict between the Breton aristocrats and the Provençal aristocrats with which the Brest and Toulon fleets were officered. And it is true that to many of them their membership of the Hospitallers of St John of Jerusalem, or the Knights of Malta, the order of military Christian Knights founded in the 12th century as one of the vehicles of an ardent Christianity fighting Islam in the Mediterranean, was of equal importance to them as their duties with the French navy.
But these educated and professional men were inevitably alert to the forces of the Enlightenment unfolding around them. Their élitism had adopted modern dress and many of the Grand Corps thought of themselves as modern scientific men. In the 1780s, the French naval officer began to take up serious modern studies in navigation, the fixing of longitude, the rationalist understanding of the essence of sea-battle and other aspects of the sea, cartography and ship-building, as well learning and exercising in gunnery and fleet tactics. But, whatever its dress, the attitudes remained élitist, a step away from the antique Spanish grandeur, but at least as far removed from the British practice, which, from the very beginning, engaged the young midshipmen with the workings of the ship and its men.
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