Читать книгу Herbals, Their Origin and Evolution - Agnes Robertson Arber - Страница 3
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[The initial letters, which will be found at the beginning of each chapter, are taken from Pierre Belon’s ‘Les Observations de plusieurs singularitez et choses memorables, trouvées en Grece, Asie, Judée, Egypte, Arabie, et autres pays estranges, … Imprimé à Paris par Benoist Prévost.’ 1553.]
| TEXT | -FIG. | PAGE |
| 1. | “Plantago” = Plantain [Herbarium Apuleii Platonici, ? 1484] | 12 |
| 2. | “Artemisia” [Herbarium Apuleii Platonici, ? 1484] | 13 |
| 3. | “Lilium” [Herbarius Moguntinus, 1484] | 14 |
| 4. | “Aristolochia longa” [Herbarius Moguntinus, 1484] | 15 |
| 5. | “Serpentaria” [Herbarius Moguntinus, 1484] | 16 |
| 6. | “Brionia” [Arnaldus de Villa Nova, Tractatus de virtutibus herbarum, 1499] | 17 |
| 7. | “Acorus” = Iris [Herbarius zu Teutsch, Mainz, 1485] | 23 |
| 8. | “Leopardus” [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 25 |
| 9. | “Daucus” = Carrot [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 26 |
| 10. | “Passer” = Sparrow [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 27 |
| 11. | “Pavo” = Peacock [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 27 |
| 12. | “Arbor vel lignum vite paradisi” [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 28 |
| 13. | “Narcissus” [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 29 |
| 14. | “Bauser vel Bausor” [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 30 |
| 15. | “Panis” = Bread [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 31 |
| 16. | “Ambra” = Amber [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 32 |
| 17. | “Unicornus” [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 33 |
| 18. | A Herbalist’s Garden [Le Jardin de Santé, ?1539] | 34 |
| 19. | Wood-cut of Plants [Bartholomæus Anglicus, Liber de proprietatibus rerum, Wynkyn de Worde, ? 1495]. Reduced | 37 |
| 20. | “Yvery”= Ivory [The Grete Herball, 1529] | 42 |
| 21. | “Nenufar” = Waterlily [The Grete Herball, 1529] | 44 |
| 22. | “Walwurtz männlin” = Symphytum, Comfrey [Brunfels, Herbarum vivæ eicones, Vol. I. 1530]. Reduced | 48 |
| 23. | “Helleborus Niger” = Helleborus viridis L., Green Hellebore [Brunfels, Herbarum vivæ eicones, Vol. I.1530]. Reduced | 49 |
| 24. | “Synnaw” = Alchemilla, Ladies’ Mantle [Brunfels, Herbarum vivæ eicones, Vol. ii. 1531]. Reduced | 51 |
| 25. | “Caryophyllata” = Geum, Avens [Brunfels, Herbarum vivæ eicones, Vol. iii. 1540]. Reduced | 52 |
| 26. | Hieronymus Bock or Tragus (1498–1554) [Kreuter Bůch, 1551] | 53 |
| 27. | “Erdberen” = Fragaria, Strawberry [Bock, Kreuter Bůch, 1546] | 54 |
| 28. | “Pimpernuss” = Pistacia, Pistachio-nut [Bock, Kreuter Bůch, 1546] | 56 |
| 29. | “Tribulus aquaticus” = Trapa natans L., Bull-nut [Bock, De stirpium, 1552] | 57 |
| 30. | “Brassicæ quartum genus” = Cabbage [Fuchs, De historia stirpium, 1542]. Reduced | 59 |
| 31. | “Polygonatum latifolium” = Solomon’s Seal [Fuchs, De historia stirpium, 1542]. Reduced | 61 |
| 32. | “Cucumis turcicus” = Cucurbita maxima Duch., Giant Pumpkin [Fuchs, De historia stirpium, 1542]. Reduced | 63 |
| 33. | “Erdöpffel” = Ranunculus ficaria L., Lesser Celandine [Rhodion, Kreutterbůch, 1533] | 65 |
| 34. | “Ocimoides fruticosum” = Silene fruticosa L. [Camerarius, Hortus medicus, 1588] | 67 |
| 35. | “Palma” = Seedlings of Phœnix dactylifera L., Date Palm [Camerarius, Hortus medicus, 1588] | 69 |
| 36. | Rembert Dodoens (1517–1585) [A Niewe Herball. Translated by Lyte, 1578] | 71 |
| 37. | “Capparis” = Capparis ovata L. [Dodoens, Pemptades, 1583] | 73 |
| 38. | “Anemone trifolia” [Dodoens, Pemptades, 1583] | 75 |
| 39. | “Lacryma Iob” = Coix lachryma-Jobi L., Job’s Tears [de l’Écluse, Rariorum … per Hispanias, 1576] | 77 |
| 40. | Pierandrea Mattioli (1501–1577) [Engraving by Philippe Galle, Virorum Doctorum Effigies, Antwerp, 1572] | 80 |
| 41. | “Pyra” = Pyrus communis L., Pear [Mattioli, Commentarii, 1560] | 81 |
| 42. | “Avena” = Oats [Mattioli, Commentarii, 1560] | 82 |
| 43. | “Trifolium acetosum” = Oxalis [Mattioli, Commentarii, 1565]. Reduced | 83 |
| 44. | “Malus” = Pyrus malus L., Apple [Mattioli, Commentarii, 1565]. Reduced | 84 |
| 45. | “Arbor Malenconico” or “Arbor tristis” = Tree of Sorrow [Durante, Herbario Nuovo, 1585] | 86 |
| 46. | “Apocynum” [Colonna, Phytobasanos, 1592] | 87 |
| 47. | “Kalli” = Salicornia, Glasswort [Prospero Alpino, De plantis Ægypti, 1592] | 89 |
| 48. | “Lachryma Iob” = Coix lachryma-Jobi L., Job’s Tears [Simler, Vita Conradi Gesneri, 1566] | 91 |
| 49. | “Solanum tuberosum esculentum” = Potato [Bauhin, Prodromos, 1620] | 95 |
| 50. | Jacques d’Aléchamps (1513–1588) [Wood-cut, circa 1600, Department of Prints and Drawings, British Museum].Enlarged | 97 |
| 51. | “Ornithogalum magnum” [d’Aléchamps, Historia generalis plantarum, 1586] | 99 |
| 52. | “Tabaco” = Nicotiana, Tobacco [Monardes, Joyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde, 1580] | 105 |
| 53. | “Reubarbe” = Centaurea rhaponticum L. [Lyte, A Niewe Herball, 1578] | 107 |
| 54. | “The breede of Barnakles” [Gerard, The Herball, 1597] | 111 |
| 55. | “Barberry” = Berberis [Part of a large wood-cut from Parkinson, Paradisus Terrestris, 1629] | 114 |
| 56. | “Cardamomum” = (?) Solanum dulcamara L., Bittersweet [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 121 |
| 57. | “Pionia” = Peony [Arnaldus de Villa Nova, Tractatus de virtutibus herbarum, 1499] | 123 |
| 58. | “Petasites” = Butterbur [Fuchs, De historia stirpium, 1542]. Reduced | 126 |
| 59. | “Sedum majus” [de l’Écluse, Rariorum per Hispanias, 1576] | 128 |
| 60. | “Battata Virginiana” = Solanum tuberosum L., Potato [Gerard, The Herball, 1597] | 129 |
| 61. | “Rose Ribwoorte” = an abnormal Plantain [Gerard, The Herball, 1597] | 131 |
| 62. | “Beta Cretica semine aculeato” [Bauhin, Prodromos, 1620] | 132 |
| 63. | “Carui” [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 135 |
| 64. | “Buglossa” [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 137 |
| 65. | “Nenufar” = Waterlily [Arnaldus de Villa Nova, Tractatus de virtutibus herbarum, 1499] | 139 |
| 66. | “Nenuphar” = Nymphæa alba L., White Waterlily [Brunfels, Herbarum vivæ eicones, Vol. I. 1530]. Reduced | 141 |
| 67. | “Gele Plompen” = Nuphar luteum Sm., Yellow Waterlily [de l’Obel, Kruydtbœck, 1581] | 142 |
| 68. | “Ninfea” = Waterlily [Durante, Herbario Nuovo, 1585] | 144 |
| 69. | “Tussilago” = Tussilago farfara L., Coltsfoot [Fuchs, De historia stirpium, 1542]. Reduced | 147 |
| 70. | “Plantago major” = Plantain [Fuchs, De historia stirpium, 1542]. Reduced | 149 |
| 71. | “Althæa Thuringica” = Lavatera thuringiaca L. [Camerarius, Hortus medicus, 1588] | 150 |
| 72. | “Pulsatilla” = Anemone pulsatilla L., Pasque-flower [Camerarius, De plantis Epitome Matthioli, 1586] | 152 |
| 73. | “Brionia” [Herbarius Moguntinus, 1484] | 158 |
| 74. | “Ireos vel Iris” [Arnaldus de Villa Nova, Tractatus de virtutibus herbarum, 1499] | 159 |
| 75. | “Capillus Veneris” = Maidenhair Fern [Arnaldus de Villa Nova, Tractatus de virtutibus herbarum, 1499] | 160 |
| 76. | “Cuscuta” = Dodder [Arnaldus de Villa Nova, Tractatus de virtutibus herbarum, 1499] | 161 |
| 77. | “Cuscuta” = Dodder [Herbarius zu Teutsch, Mainz, 1485] | 163 |
| 78. | “Alkekengi” = Physalis, Winter Cherry [Herbarius zu Teutsch, Mainz, 1485] | 164 |
| 79. | “Alkekengi” = Physalis, Winter Cherry [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 165 |
| 80. | “Cuscuta” = Dodder [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 166 |
| 81. | “Botris” [Ortus Sanitatis, Mainz, 1491] | 167 |
| 82. | “Asarum” = Asarabacca [Brunfels, Herbarum vivæ eicones, Vol. I. 1530]. Reduced | 169 |
| 83. | “Kuchenschell” = Anemone pulsatilla L., Pasque-flower [Brunfels, Herbarum vivæ eicones, Vol. I. 1530] | 171 |
| 84. | “Lappa” = Arctium, Burdock [Brunfels, Herbarum vivæ eicones, Vol. II. 1531]. Reduced | 173 |
| 85. | “Scolopendria” = Hart’s-tongue Fern [Rhodion, Kreutterbůch, 1533] | 174 |
| 86. | “Dipsacus albus” = Teasle [Fuchs, De historia stirpium, 1542]. Reduced | 176 |
| 87. | “Apios” = Lathyrus tuberosus L., Earth-nut Pea [Fuchs, De historia stirpium, 1542]. Reduced | 178 |
| 88. | “Arum” = Arum maculatum L., Wild Arum [Fuchs, De historia stirpium, 1542]. Reduced | 179 |
| 89. | The Draughtsmen and Engraver employed by Leonhard Fuchs [De historia stirpium, 1542]. Reduced | 181 |
| 90. | “Wintergrün” = Pyrola, Wintergreen [Bock, Kreuter Bůch, 1546] | 182 |
| 91. | “Rautten” = Botrychium, Moonwort [Bock, Kreuter Bůch, 1546] | 183 |
| 92. | “Castanum nuss” = Castanea, Chestnut [Bock, Kreuter Bůch, 1546] | 184 |
| 93. | “Fungi” = Toadstools [Mattioli, Commentarii, 1560]. Reduced | 185 |
| 94. | “Rosaceum” [Mattioli, Commentarii, 1560]. Reduced | 186 |
| 95. | “Suber primus” [Mattioli, Commentarii, 1565]. Reduced | 187 |
| 96. | “Tragorchis” = Orchis hircina L., Lizard Orchis [Dodoens, Pemptades, 1583] | 188 |
| 97. | “Aconitum luteum minus” = Eranthis hiemalis L., Winter Aconite [Dodoens, Pemptades, 1583] | 189 |
| 98. | “Draco arbor” = Dracæna, Dragon Tree [de l’Écluse, Rariorum … per Hispanias, 1576] | 191 |
| 99. | “Cyclaminus” [Camerarius, De plantis Epitome … Matthioli, 1586] | 192 |
| 100. | “Rosa Hierichuntica” = Anastatica hierochuntica L., Rose of Jericho [Camerarius, Hortus medicus, 1588] | 193 |
| 101. | “Piper Nigrum” = Pepper [d’Aléchamps, Historia generalis plantarum, Vol. II. 1587] | 194 |
| 102. | “Cedrus” = Cedar [Belon, De arboribus, 1553] | 195 |
| 103. | “Lentisco del Peru” = Pistacia lentiscus L., Mastic Tree [Durante, Herbario Nuovo, 1585] | 197 |
| 104. | “Mala Aurantia Chinensia” = Orange [Aldrovandi, Dendrologia, 1667]. Reduced | 198 |
| 105. | “Chondrilla” [Colonna, Phytobasanos, 1592] | 201 |
| 106. | “Alkekengi” = Physalis, Winter Cherry [Blankaart, Neder-landschen Herbarius, 1698] | 203 |
| 107. | The Male Mandrake [Brunfels, Contrafayt Kreüterbuch, Ander Teyl, 1537] | 205 |
| 108. | Theophrastus von Hohenheim, called Paracelsus (1493–1541) [From a medal, now in the British Museum. See F. W. Weber, Appendix II] | 206 |
| 109. | Herbs of the Scorpion [Porta, Phytognomonica, 1591] | 209 |
| 110. | Lunar Herbs [Porta, Phytognomonica, 1591] | 213 |
| 111. | Astrological Diagram relating to the gathering of “Cervaria fœmina” [Thurneisser, Historia sive Descriptio Plantarum, 1587] | 217 |
| 112. | Wood-cut from the Title-page of the Grete Herball, 1526. Reduced | 223 |
| 113. | A Herbalist’s Garden and Store-room [Das Kreüterbůch oder Herbarius. Printed by Heinrich Stayner, Augsburg, 1534] | 225 |
