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Cryptocurrency is a type of digital currency, the creation and control of which is based on cryptographic methods. As a rule, accounting for cryptocurrency is decentralized. That is, the cryptocurrency does not belong to any government in the world. In addition, it does not belong to one particular person. Its operation is based on technologies such as blockchain. Transaction information is usually not encrypted and is available in clear text. To ensure that the base of the transaction blockchain is unchanged, elements of cryptography are used (digital signature based on a public key system, etc.).

The term was entrenched after the publication of an article about the Bitcoin system “Crypto currency,” published in 2011 in the journal Forbes. The very author of Bitcoin, like many others, used the term “electronic cash.”

Sometimes, a new cryptocurrency appears as a fork from another cryptocurrency due to changes in parameters, which makes them incompatible. In this case, both cryptocurrencies can have a common transaction history until the split. In addition to Bitcoin and Ethereum, which have probably already been heard, there are many other currencies. For example, on the coingecko service, information was collected on more than 3,500 coins and on the cryptocompare service, about 2000.

The emission of different cryptocurrencies can occur through mining, forging (minting) or ICO (I will discuss this later).

Discussions on the economic nature and legal status of cryptocurrency are underway. In different countries, cryptocurrencies are considered as a means of payment, a specific product may have restrictions in circulation (for example, the prohibition of operations with them for banking institutions). ³ But it is worth noting that cryptocurrency has long been used in many countries and for many purposes. In Europe, it has already been paying for real estate and other small goods, while in some countries, it is planned and implemented to accept payments for utilities in cryptocurrency. Who knows how else the cryptocurrency will be used in a few years…