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3 Head and Neck

Carotid Space Mass

• Paraganglioma

• Schwannoma

• Carotid pseudoaneurysm/dissection

Jugular Foramen Mass

• Schwannoma

• Meningioma

• Paraganglioma

Masticator Space Mass

• Odontogenic abscess

• Primary bone or muscle neoplasm (sarcoma)

• Osteomyelitis

Submandibular Space Mass

• Odontogenic abscess

• Submandibular sialadenitis/abscess

• Salivary gland neoplasm

• Obstructed minor salivary gland

(ranula)

• Lymphadenopathy

Mandibular Cystic Lesion

• Periradicular cyst (in carious teeth)• Dentigerous cyst (around crown of unerupted tooth)

• Aneurysmal bone cyst

• Ameloblastoma

• Giant cell tumor

Sinus Disease with Bone Destruction

• Invasive fungal sinusitis

(mucormycosis, actinomycosis)

• Carcinoma

• Lymphoma

• Wegener granulomatosis

Thyroid Mass

• Benign nodule

• Carcinoma

• Parathyroid adenoma

• Distal thyroglossal duct cyst

Dierential Diagnosis

Clival/Skull Base Mass

• Metastasis• Chordoma

• Chondrosarcoma

Nasopharyngeal Mass

• Prominent lymphatic tissue (normal in patients < 30, consider HIV in patients > 40)

• Prevertebral space infection (osteomyelitis/diskitis)

• Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

• Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

(adolescent males)

• Lymphoma

• Tornwaldt cyst

Pharyngeal Mucosal Space Mass

• Tonsillitis/abscess

• Squamous cell carcinoma

• Lymphoma

Retropharyngeal Mass

• Abscess/phlegmon

• Adenopathy/nodal metastasis

• Lymphoma

Prevertebral Space Mass

• Osteomyelitis/diskitis

• Abscess

• Chordoma/skull base chondrosarcoma/

vertebral metastasis

Parotid Space Mass

• Parotitis (diuse enlargement)

• Benign salivary gland neoplasm, 80%

(pleomorphic adenoma, Warthin tumor)

• Malignant neoplasm, 20%

(mucoepidermoid, adenoid cystic carcinoma)

• Intraparotid lymph node

• Lymphoepithelial cyst (HIV)