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1  1 Tacitus, The Annals, Book 6, secs 13, 19; Panchenko, ‘Tiberius i finansovyi krizis v Rime’.

2  2 Auty, Resource Abundance and Economic Development; Dunning, Crude Democracy.

3  3 Sraffa, Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities.

4  4 On the staple theory, see Innis, The Fur Trade in Canada, and Watson, Marginal Man: The Dark Vision of Harold Innis; on the fetishism of commodities, see Marx, Capital, and Pietz, ‘Fetishism and materialism’.

5  5 Latour, Politics of Nature, p. 33.

6  6 Hardin, ‘The tragedy of the commons’.

7  7 Cannan, ‘The origin of the law of diminishing returns’; Rainert, How Rich Countries Have Been Enriched; Saito, Karl Marx’s Ecosocialism.

8  8 Keynes, Economic Consequences of the Peace, in Collected Writings, Vol. 2, p. 6.

9  9 Two books were the most significant for the material turn: Diamond, Guns, Germs and Steel, and Mitchell, Carbon Democracy. See also Bennett, Vibrant Matter; Miller, Cultural Histories of the Material World; LeCain, The Matter of History.

10 10 Marx, Capital, Vol. 1, p. 784.

11 11 Benjamin, ‘On the concept of history’, in Selected Writings, p. 389.

12 12 Ibid., p. 405.

13 13 Voltaire, Candide, p. 2.