Читать книгу The Influence of Sea Power upon History - Alfred Thayer Mahan - Страница 12
Chapter X: Maritime War in North America and West Indies, 1778–1781. Its Influence upon the Course of the American Revolution. Fleet Actions off Grenada, Dominica, and Chesapeake Bay.
ОглавлениеD'Estaing sails from Toulon for Delaware Bay, 1778
British ordered to evacuate Philadelphia
Rapidity of Lord Howe's movements
D'Estaing arrives too late
Follows Howe to New York
Fails to attack there and sails for Newport
Howe follows him there
Both fleets dispersed by a storm
D'Estaing takes his fleet to Boston
Howe's activity foils D'Estaing at all points
D'Estaing sails for the West Indies
The English seize Sta. Lucia
Ineffectual attempts of D'Estaing to dislodge them
D'Estaing captures Grenada
Naval battle of Grenada, 1779; English ships crippled
D'Estaing fails to improve his advantages
Reasons for his neglect
French naval policy
English operations in the Southern States
D'Estaing takes his fleet to Savannah
His fruitless assault on Savannah
D'Estaing returns to France
Fall of Charleston
De Guichen takes command in the West Indies
Rodney arrives to command English fleet
His military character
First action between Rodney and De Guichen, 1780
Breaking the line
Subsequent movements of Rodney and De Guichen
Rodney divides his fleet
Goes in person to New York
De Guichen returns to France
Arrival of French forces in Newport
Rodney returns to the West Indies
War between England and Holland
Disasters to the United States in 1780
De Grasse sails from Brest for the West Indies, 1781
Engagement with English fleet off Martinique.
Cornwallis overruns the Southern States
He retires upon Wilmington, N. C., and thence to Virginia
Arnold on the James River
The French fleet leaves Newport to intercept Arnold
Meets the English fleet off the Chesapeake, 1781
French fleet returns to Newport
Cornwallis occupies Yorktown
De Grasse sails from Hayti for the Chesapeake
Action with the British fleet, 1781
Surrender of Cornwallis, 1781
Criticism of the British naval operations
Energy and address shown by De Grasse
Difficulties of Great Britain's position in the war of 1778.
The military policy best fitted to cope with them
Position of the French squadron in Newport, R. I., 1780.
Great Britain's defensive position and inferior numbers.
Consequent necessity for a vigorous initiative
Washington's opinions as to the influence of Sea Power on the American contest