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[118] Ford, History of Illinois, pp. 213–214.

[119] Davidson and Stuvé, History of Illinois, pp. 454–455.

[120] Why McClernand was passed over is not clear. Douglas entered upon the duties of his office November 30, 1840.

[121] Wheeler, Biographical History of Congress, p. 74.

[122] Sheahan, Douglas, p. 43.

[123] Ford, History of Illinois, p. 217.

[124] Ibid., pp. 212–222.

[125] Davidson and Stuvé, History of Illinois, p. 456.

[126] Illinois State Register, January 29, 1841; Ford, History of Illinois, p. 220.

[127] Davidson and Stuvé, History of Illinois, pp. 457–458.

[128] Ibid., pp. 457–458.

[129] Illinois State Register, February 5, 1841. Judge Smith is put in an unenviable light by contemporary historians. There seems to be no reason to doubt that he misinformed Douglas and others. See Davidson and Stuvé, History of Illinois, pp. 458–459.

[130] Chicago American, February 18, 1841.

[131] Sangamo Journal, March 19, 1841.

[132] Chicago American, February 18, 1841.

[133] Wheeler, Biographical History of Congress, p. 74.

[134] Ford, History of Illinois, pp. 263–265; Linn, Story of the Mormons, pp. 236–237.

[135] Linn, Story of the Mormons, pp. 237–238.

[136] Ibid., p. 244.

[137] Times and Seasons, II, p. 414.

[138] Illinois State Register, August 13, 1841.

[139] Ibid., September 24, 1841.

[140] Times and Seasons, III, p. 651.

[141] Ford, History of Illinois, p. 269.

[142] Illinois State Register, June 17, 1842. Douglas replied in a speech of equal tartness. See Register, July 1, 1842.

[143] Illinois State Register, June 10, 1842.

[144] Ford, History of Illinois, pp. 277–278.

[145] Gregg, History of Hancock County, p. 419.

[146] Illinois State Register, November 4, 1842.

[147] Illinois State Register, December 23, 1842.

[148] Conkling, Recollections of the Bench and Bar, Fergus Historical Series, No. 22.

[149] Conkling, Recollections of the Bench and Bar, Fergus Historical Series, No. 22

[150] Arnold, Reminiscences of the Illinois Bar, Fergus Historical Series, No. 22.

[151] Arnold, Reminiscences of the Illinois Bar.

[152] Davidson and Stuvé, History of Illinois, p. 698.

[153] Statute of June 25, 1842.

[154] A sheet called The Gerrymander was published in March 1843, which contained a series of cartoons exhibiting the monstrosities of this apportionment. The Fifth District is called "the Nondescript."

[155] Patterson, Early Society in Southern Illinois, Fergus Historical Series No. 14; Körner, Das deutsche Element in den Vereinigten Staaten, pp. 245, 277; Baker, America as the Political Utopia of Young Germany; Peoria Register, June 30, 1838; Ballance, History of Peoria, pp. 201–202.

[156] Illinois State Register, March 10, 1843.

[157] Illinois State Register, June 16, 1843.

[158] Sheahan, Douglas, p. 55; Wheeler, Biographical History of Congress, p. 75.

[159] Globe, 28 Cong. 1 Sess. App. pp. 598 ff.

[160] Alton Telegraph, July 20, 1843.

[161] Sheahan, Douglas, p. 56; Wheeler, Biographical History of Congress, p. 75; Alton Telegraph, August 26, 1843.

[162] According to the returns in the office of the Secretary of State. The Whig Almanac gives 451 as Douglas's majority.