Читать книгу Practitioner's Guide to Using Research for Evidence-Informed Practice - Allen Rubin - Страница 52

 The first step in the EIP process is to formulate a question about a practice decision. If the question pertains to the selection of an intervention, it can be open-ended or it can inquire as to the comparative effectiveness of one or more interventions that are specified in the question.

 The second step in the EIP process is to search for evidence. This can involve going to websites that offer reviews as well as searching literature databases.

 When searching literature databases, using Boolean operators such as and, or, and not in your search terms can limit or broaden the range of resulting references.

 When conducting your own search, you don't have to read every study that you find. You can examine their titles and abstracts to ascertain which ones are worth reading.

 The third step in the EIP process involves critically appraising the evidence. A key aim in this phase is to distinguish studies that have fatal flaws from those whose flaws are less serious and more acceptable.

 A study that is very strong from a scientific standpoint, such as one that has only a few trivial flaws, should outweigh a large number of weaker studies containing serious (albeit perhaps not fatal) flaws.

 The fourth step in the EIP process involves selecting and implementing the intervention. Rather than just automatically selecting and implementing the intervention with the best evidence, you need to consider the importance of the practice context. Also, you should inform the client about the evidence and involve the client in the decision of which intervention to use.

 The fifth step in the EIP process involves monitoring client progress. Even the most effective interventions don't help everybody. Moreover, even if your client could benefit from the intervention, perhaps there is something about the way you are providing it – or something about your practice context – that is making it less effective than it was in the research studies.

 In the real world of everyday practice, you may encounter some practical obstacles limiting your ability to implement the EIP process in an ideal fashion. Common obstacles include a lack of time, training, and access to Internet databases. You should always do the best you can, even if that involves taking some shortcuts. Not doing so, and thus practicing in disregard of the evidence, is not ethical or compassionate.

 In order to leverage the best outcomes for clients it's important to both foster a strong working relationship with clients and carefully select the intervention through the EIP process.