Читать книгу Syntax - Andrew Carnie - Страница 39

The claim that only obligatory arguments are found in argument structure is not as straightforward as it sounds. Consider the verb run. It has both an intransitive use (I ran) and a transitive use (I ran the race). A similar problem is raised by languages that can drop the subject argument (e.g. Spanish and Italian) and by imperative sentences in English (Go home now!). The subject is still an argument in these constructions, even though you can’t hear it. In cases like the verb run, we’ll simply claim that there are two verbs to run: one that takes an object and one that doesn’t.