Читать книгу Ecology of Indonesian Papua Part One - Andrew J. Marshall - Страница 9
ОглавлениеAbbreviations Used in This Volume
| A | Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA (Herbarium) |
| ABL | Adviesbureau voor Bryologie en Lichenologie, Soest, The Netherlands (Herbarium) |
| ABRI | Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia (Angkatan Bersenjata Republik Indonesia) |
| ACIAR | Australian Centre for International Agriculture Research, Australia |
| AM | Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| AMNH | American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA |
| ANPWS | Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service |
| ANU | Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia |
| asl | above sea level (elevation) |
| B | Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universität, Berlin, Germany (Herbarium) |
| BAPLAN | Forestry Planning Agency, Indonesia (Badan Planologi Kehutanan) |
| BAPPEDA | Provincial Development Planning Bureau, Indonesia (Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah) |
| BAPPEDALDA | Provincial Environmental Impact Management Agency, Indonesia (Badan Pengelolaan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Daerah) |
| BAPPENAS | National Development Planning Agency, Indonesia (Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional) |
| BIN | National Intelligence Board, Indonesia (Badan Intelijen Negara) |
| BISH | Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawai‘i, USA |
| BKSDA | Nature Conservation Bureau, Indonesia (Balai Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam) |
| BM | Natural History Museum, London, UK (Herbarium) |
| BMNH | British Museum of Natural History (Herbarium). Now BM: Natural History Museum, London, UK (Herbarium) |
| BO | Herbarium Bogoriense, Bogor, Indonesia (Herbarium) |
| BP | [years] before present |
| BP | British Petroleum, now referred to as BP |
| BP3D | Agency for Planning and Coordination of Regional Development (Badan Perencanaan dan Pengendalian Pembangunan Daerah) |
| BPBM | Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawai‘i, USA |
| BPID | Regional Promotion and Investment Board (Badan Promosi Investasi Daerah) |
| BPPD | Regional Development and Productivity Board (Badan Pengembangan Produktivitas Daerah) |
| BPS | Central Bureau of Statistics, Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik) |
| BRI | Queensland Herbarium, Brisbane, Australia (Herbarium) |
| BRIT | Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas, USA (Herbarium) |
| brl | barrels |
| BTN | National Park Bureau, Indonesia (Balai Taman Nasional) |
| BYU | Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA |
| ca | approximately (circa) |
| CANB | Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Canberra, Australia (Herbarium) |
| CAS | California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA |
| CI | Conservation International, Washington, D.C., USA |
| CIFOR | Center for International Forestry Research |
| CITES | Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna |
| CNC | Canadian National Collection, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada |
| CPS | conservation priority setting |
| CPSW | Conservation Priority-Setting Workshop (of CI) |
| CSIRO | Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia |
| CTS | case tracking system |
| DAK | Special Allocation Fund (Dana Alokasi Khusus) |
| DAS | Department of Agriculture and Stock, PNG |
| DASF | Department of Agriculture, Stock and Fisheries, PNG |
| DAU | General Allocation Fund (Dana Alokasi Umum) |
| dbh | diameter at breast height |
| DEC | Department of Environment and Conservation, PNG |
| DEFRA | Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK |
| DFMR | Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, PNG |
| DKI | Jakarta, Special Capital Province (Daerah Khusus Ibukota) |
| DKP | Department of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (Departemen Kelautan dan Perikanan) |
| DPI | Department of Primary Industries, PNG |
| DPRD | Provincial Council (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah) |
| DSIR | Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand |
| E | Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, Scotland (Herbarium) |
| EBA | Endemic Bird Areas (BirdLife International) |
| EEC | European Economic Community |
| EIA | Environmental Investigation Agency, UK |
| ELA | equilibrium-line altitude |
| ENSO | El Niño–Southern Oscillation |
| EPI | Extended Program on Immunization (WHO) |
| ESR | electron spin resonance (archeological dating technique) |
| FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization (UNDP) |
| FCI | Forest Civil Investigators, Indonesia |
| FH | Farlow Reference Library and Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA (Herbarium) |
| FI | Museo Botanico, University of Florence, Florence, Italy (Her-barium) |
| FKPTP | Forum for Conservation and Development in Papua (Forum untuk Konservasi dan Pembangunan di Tanah Papua) |
| FM | Flora Malesiana |
| FOE | Friends of the Earth, San Francisco, California, USA |
| FR | forest ranger |
| FUNDWI | Fund of the United Nations for the Development of West Irian |
| FWI | Forest Watch Indonesia |
| G | Geneva, Switzerland (Herbarium) |
| GDP | gross domestic product |
| GFW | Global Forest Watch |
| GH | Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA |
| GIS | geographic information systems |
| GNP | gross national product |
| GNrP | gross national-regional product |
| GOI | Government of Indonesia |
| Golkar | Party of the Functional Groups (Partai Golongan Karya) |
| GTZ | German Technical Cooperation (Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit) |
| H | Helsinki, Finland (Herbarium) |
| ha | hectares |
| HDI | human development index |
| HE | Halmahera Eddy |
| HPH | logging concession license or licensed logging concession (Hak Pengusahaan Hutan) |
| HPT | limited production forest (Hutan Produksi Terbatas) |
| HTI | industrial timber estate (Hutan Tanaman Indistri) |
| IBA | Important Bird Areas (BirdLife International) |
| IBSAP | Indonesian Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan |
| ICG | International Crisis Group |
| IHHBK | license to collect non-timber forest products (Ijin Pemungutan Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu) |
| IHPHH | license to log forests (Ijin Hak Pemungutan Hasil Hutan) |
| IHPHHMHA | license to log forests based on traditional community rights Ijin Hak Pemungutan Hasil Hutan Masyarakat Hukum Adat |
| IIED | International Institute for Environment and Development |
| INPRES | presidential decree (Instruksi Presiden) |
| IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| IPK | timber extraction license (Ijin Pemungutan Kayu) |
| IPKMA | license to log traditional community forests (Ijin Pemungutan Kayu Masyarakat Adat) |
| ISSG | IUCN/SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group |
| ITCZ | intertropical convergence zone |
| ITTO | International Tropical Timber Organization |
| IUCN | International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
| IUPHHK | industrial timber license (Izin Usaha Pemanfaatan Hasil Hutan Kayu) |
| JATAM | Mining Advocacy Network (Jaringan Advokasi Tambang) |
| JE | Jena, Germany (Herbarium) |
| K | Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK (Herbarium) |
| KK | work contract (Kontrak Kerja) |
| KLH | Ministry for the Environment, Indonesia (Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup) |
| Kodam | Regional Police Command (Komando Daerah Militer) |
| Kopermas | Community Cooperative (Koperasi Peranserta Masyarakat) |
| KSDA | Natural Resources Conservation Department (Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam) |
| KUHAP | Indonesian Code of Criminal Litigation (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana) |
| L | Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch, Leiden, The Netherlands (Herbarium) |
| LAE | Papua New Guinea Forest Research Institute, Lae, Papua New Guinea (Herbarium) |
| LG | Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium (Herbarium) |
| LIPI | Indonesian Institute of Sciences (Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia) |
| LK | event report (Laporan Kejadian) |
| LMA | Traditional Community Associations (Lembaga Masyarakat Adat) |
| LMS | London Missionary Society |
| LNG | liquified natural gas |
| MAN | Herbarium Manokwariense, Cenderawasih University, Manokwari, Papua, Indonesia (Herbarium) |
| MCZ | Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA |
| MEL | Melbourne, Australia (Herbarium) |
| MI | Millennium Institute |
| MMAF | Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Indonesia |
| MNI | minimum number of individuals |
| MoF | Ministry of Forestry, Indonesia |
| MoIT | Ministry of Industry and Trade, Indonesia |
| MoU | memorandum of understanding |
| MSY | maximum sustainable yield |
| MT | metric tons |
| MULO | advanced primary school |
| MVP | minimum viable population |
| MVZ | Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA |
| MYA | million years ago |
| MZB | Museum Zoologense Bogeriense, Bogor, Indonesia |
| NGCC | New Guinea Coastal Current NGCUC New Guinea Coastal Undercurrent |
| NGO | nongovernmental organization |
| NHDR | National Human Development Report (UNDP) |
| NHM | Natural History Museum, London, UK; formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH) |
| NICH | Japan Hattori Botanical Laboratory, Nichinan, Japan (Her-barium) |
| NNGPM | Netherlands New Guinea Oil Company (Nederlandsche Nieuw-Guinea Petroleum Maatschappij) |
| NSW | Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (Herbarium) |
| NTFP | non-timber forest product |
| NY | New York Botanical Garden, The Bronx, New York, USA (Herbarium) |
| OPM | Free Papua Organization (Organisasi Papua Merdeka) |
| OSL | optically stimulated luminescence (archeological dating technique) |
| PA | protected area |
| PCF | Papua Conservation Fund |
| PDI-P | Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan) |
| Pepera | Act of Free Choice (Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat) |
| PERPU | Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang) |
| PHKA | Directorate of Conservation and Protected Areas, Indonesia (Perlindungan Hutan dan Konservasi Alam); formerly PHPA |
| PHPA | Directorate of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation, Indonesia (Perlindungan Hutan dan Pelestarian Alam); now PHKA |
| PKK | Applied Family Welfare Program (Pembinaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga) |
| PNG | Papua New Guinea |
| PNGRIS | Papua New Guinea Resource Information System |
| POLRI | Indonesian State Police (Polisi Negara Republic Indonesia) |
| PP | government regulation (Peraturan Pemerintah) |
| ppm | parts per million |
| PPNS | Civil Service Investigation Office (Penyidik Pegawai Negeri Sipil) |
| PSP | Priority-setting Program (of CI) |
| PSW | Priority-setting Workshop (of CI) |
| Psu | practical salinity units |
| QIMR | Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Queensland, Australia |
| RACE | Rapid Assessment for Conservation and Economy (of CI) |
| RAP | Rapid Assessment Program (of CI) |
| REPELITA | Five-year Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Lima Tahun) |
| RePPProT | Regional Physical Planning Program for Transmigration, ROI |
| RI | Republic of Indonesia (also ROI) |
| RMAP | Resource Management in Asia-Pacific |
| RNH | Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden, The Netherlands; formerly Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie |
| ROI | Republic of Indonesia (also RI) |
| RSA | Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Herbarium, Claremont, California, USA (Herbarium) |
| SEC | south equatorial current |
| SK | decree (Surat Keputusan) |
| SKSHH | certificate that logs were legally obtained (Surat Keterangan Sahnya Hasil Hutan) |
| SPP | investigation warrant (Surat Perintah Penyidikan), also known as SP2 or SPRINT |
| SPPP | letter of termination of investigation (Surat Perintah Penghentian Penyidikan), also known as SP3 |
| SSC | IUCN Species Survival Commission |
| SST | sea surface temperature |
| TAC | total allowable catch |
| TL | thermo-luminescence (archeological dating technique) |
| TMDU | Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan |
| TNC | The Nature Conservancy |
| TNI | Indonesian National Army (Tentara Nasional Indonesia) |
| TNS | National Science Museum, Tsukuba, Japan (Herbarium) |
| TNWP | Tri-National Wetlands Program |
| Trikora | People’s Threefold Command (Tri Komando Rakyat) |
| UC | University of California Herbarium, Berkeley, California, USA (Herbarium) |
| UNCEN | Cenderawasih University (Universitas Cenderawasih), Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia |
| UNDP | United Nations Development Program |
| UNEP | United Nations Environmental Program UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization |
| UNFCCC | United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |
| UNIPA | State University of Papua (Universitas Negeri Papua), Manokwari, Papua, Indonesia |
| UniTech | University of Technology, Lae, Morobe Province, PNG |
| UNTEA | United Nations Temporary Executive Authority |
| UPNG | University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, PNG (Her-barium) |
| UPT | Technical Implementation Units, Indonesia (Unit Pelaksana Teknis) |
| USNM | United States National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA |
| UU | law (Undang-Undang) |
| WALHI | Indonesian Forum for the Environment (Wahana Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia) |
| WCMC | World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP) |
| WCS | Wildlife Conservation Society |
| WEI | Wau Ecology Institute, Wau, Morobe Province, PNG; formerly Bishop Museum Field Station |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| WMA | Wildlife Management Areas, PNG |
| WPWP | Western Pacific Warm Pool |
| WRI | World Resources Institute |
| WRSL | Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland (Herbarium) |
| WSPCW | Western South Pacific Central Water |
| WWF | World Wide Fund for Nature; World Wildlife Fund in USA |
| YALI | The Papua Environment Foundation (Yayasan Lingkungan Hidup Papua) |
| YPMD | Irian Jaya Rural Community Development Foundation (Yayasan Pengembangan Masyarakat Desa) |
