Читать книгу Social Origins and Primal Law - Andrew Lang - Страница 17

We conclude, provisionally, that exogamy, for various reasons of sexual jealousy, and perhaps of sexual superstition, and of sexual indifference to persons familiar from infancy, may, at least, have tended to arise while each little human group was anonymous; before the acceptance of totem names by local groups. But this exogamous tendency, if it existed, must have been immensely reinforced and sweepingly defined when the hitherto anonymous groups, coming to be known by totem names, evolved the totem superstitions and tabus. Under these, I suggest, exogamy became fully developed. Marriage was forbidden, amours were forbidden (there are exceptional cases), within the totem name. This law barred, of course, marital relations between son and mother, between brother and sister, but, just as it stood, permitted incest between father and daughter, so long as the totem name was inherited from the mother. But that form of incest, in turn, came to be barred by another set of savage rules, which, whatever their origin, prohibit marriage within the generation. That set of rules, noted specially in Australia and North America, is part of what is usually styled 'The Class System.'

[1] Dr. Munro, Archæological Journal, vol. lix. no. 234, pp. 109–143: (Tire à part, p. 1.) See also later, Hypothetical Early Groups.

[2] To this point, hostility, I return later.

[3] Dr. Munro, Archæological Journal, vol. lix. no. 234.

[4] Munro, Archæological Journal, vol. lix. no. 234, p. 22.

[5] Ibid. p. 32.

[6] Ibid. p. 18.

[7] Ibid. p. 20.

[8] Ibid. p. 22.

[9] L'Anthropologie, Mars-Avril, 1902. For a brief bibliography of the bull-roarer see Mr. Frazer, The Golden Bough, iii. pp. 423–4, note 1.

[10] Journal and Proceedings Royal Society N.S.W., vol. xxviii. p. 305. See also Roth, Ethnological Studies, pp. 132–138. 1897.

[11] Ancient Law p. 132.

[12] Major Kennedy's portrait of 1750–1760 represents him in Macdonnell tartan. He was an agent of Prince Charles.