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Glossary of Setswana and Afrikaans names

bakgosingroyal ward
commandoarmed, mounted party
difaqaneperiod (c.1800 to 1830s) of political turbulence, migration and social transformation accompanied by frequent destruction of life and property in southern and central Africa
inboekeling (pl. inboekelinge)indentured servant, likened to a slave
kgosana (pl. dikgosana)clan head, sometimes referred to as a headman
kgosi (pl. dikgosi)term for king or chief among all Tswana societies
kgotlapublic meeting, central meeting place or court
khuduthamagaadvisory council to the kgosi comprising family members and dikgosana
laager(Dutch/Afrikaans) defensive fortified position, usually circular, with use of wagons
makgowaEuropeans/whites
mephatoage regiments
morafe (pl. merafe)chiefdom
oorlam(se)Africans absorbed into Dutch/Afrikaner society and culture
pitsopublic meeting
veldkornetlocal district official (in the South African Republic) with administrative and, especially, military duties
voortrekkersDutch pioneers (later Afrikaners) who set out on the great trek from the Cape Colony from c.1834 to the 1840s and founded the South African Republic and the Orange Free State
volksraadparliament of the South African Republic
Land, Chiefs, Mining

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