Читать книгу The Power Of Youth. How To Tune Our Mind And Body For A Long And Healthy Life - Андрей Фоменко - Страница 25

Each cell can only function under certain conditions: temperature, acidity level (pH), a certain concentration of fluids, electrolytes, and oxygen – there are a lot of factors. Maintaining the balance of the body's systems necessary to sustain life is called homeostasis.

Under the influence of harmful factors which can damage the body, there is a redistribution of innate resources: with hypothermia, the body provides a flow of extra blood and, consequently, heat to the vital organs by narrowing the blood vessels of the skin. When overheated, on the contrary, skin vessels expand, which increases heat loss and remains constant internal temperature.

A well-established system of self-regulation is the most crucial component for a long and healthy life. The functioning of the body allows it to respond adequately to dangers and adapt to changing environmental conditions. Dysfunction in one organ inevitably affects the functioning of other organs and systems. For this reason, in old age people often face several diseases at once, each of which provokes and accelerates the progression of other disorders. A complication of diabetes mellitus, which is often associated with obesity, is a vascular disruption in the whole body, which in turn increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Joint problems limit a person's mobility, which contributes to weight gain, which, in turn, puts stress on the joints. It is a developmental factor of a wide range of diseases.

It is very important to bear in mind that even a small health issue may result in a cascade of abnormal changes that lead to serious diseases. Even a small nidus of persistent infection, such as a decayed tooth or chronic tonsillitis, provokes the development of inflammation in the digestive tract and creates determinants for intestinal issues. Any violation in the supply of macro and micronutrients will affect every body's cell function with time.

Both physical and mental aspects are important for keeping a healthy body. It is known that chronic stress is an equally important contributor to disease than, for example, nutritional disorder, physical inactivity, or bad habits. On the background of distress, the level of cortisol – a hormone of chronic stress – increases, which negatively affects the immune system, provokes obesity and increases the risk of depression.

Thus, to maintain the stability of the internal environment, and to ensure its functional integrity, it is necessary to take care of all aspects of health. This is achieved by daily measures to prevent both physical and mental disorders, primarily by following a healthy lifestyle, as well as by responding quickly and appropriately to any abnormalities in health.

BRAIN – BODY, BODY – BRAIN

The brain controls the body like a powerful computer. It stores and constantly updates information. Since the brain contains a unique "body map," it can monitor the condition of internal organs and regulate important life processes – heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, sleep quality, digestion, and others.

However, this connection is not one-way. The brain receives information about the work of any organ due to receptors – nerve endings that transform stimuli of

the external and internal environment into electrochemical impulses. These impulses are sent through the spinal tracts to the brain, which, based on the information received, regulates the work of peripheral organs.

Due to the connection between the body and the brain, the organs are sensitive to changing body needs. A water deficit signal in the body turns into thirst because of vasopressin. This hormone, responsible for fluid maintenance, affects both the brain and the kidneys, causing them to inhibit fluid excretion.

EXERCISE TO BE HEALTHY

In the modern world, it is important to monitor the condition of your body. It is easy to yield to laziness, stress, and bad habits and not think about what affects the quality of function of organs and the body as a whole. Lifestyle determines human health: junk food leads to weight gain and the development of chronic diseases – obesity, osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes, and others, and with low physical activity the human also deprives themselves of several advantages. In addition, psychic tension, low or high sleep hours, bad habits, etc. affect the overall health. Many aspects and everyday decisions determine how well the body will work not only now, but also in the future. What is the first thing you need to pay attention to maintain, strengthen and improve the health of your own body?

Experts urge monitoring the diet. It should be balanced, diverse and contain as few harmful substances as possible. You need to introduce into the diet as much as possible vegetables and fruits, which contain vitamins and minerals. Eating a healthful diet will help reduce the number of pathogenic microorganisms in the intestine and increase the number of beneficial bacteria that help digest food. Besides, it is important not to forget to drink enough water to avoid dehydration, which in turn leads to fatigue, lapse of concentration, mood swings, and even urinary tract infections.

FUN FACT

THE ABILITY TO HEAR YOUR BODY CREATES A POSITIVE BODY IMAGE

Scientists from Anglia Ruskin University (UK) believe that awareness of how the body functions and attention to feelings allow you to better perceive your own body. Therefore, a human who perceives their body positively better reads and correctly interprets its signals, such as hunger or a sense of fullness. The study involved about 200 people, residents of Great Britain and Malaysia. After a preliminary fast, volunteers were asked to drink water and talk about their feelings. Participants also answered questions regarding their body perception and understanding of how it works.

It was found that people with a positive body image, aware of the principles of its work, experienced more intense feelings from drinking water on an empty stomach, compared to participants with a negative image of themselves and a worse understanding of physiology.

Experts explain that body image refers to thoughts and feelings related to appearance, and positive body image refers to actions based on love for the body, attention, respect, and correct interpretation of its signals. According to scientists, the better human treats and takes care of the body, the better they understand its "language." In turn, increased attention to the signals coming from, for example, the stomach and intestines, allows us to better imagine the processes, to assess the body function higher, and to form a positive body image.

"Our study shows that there is a direct connection between bodily awareness – in this case, the feeling of fullness – and body image," explains lead author Jennifer Todd. "In other words, people who are more aware of body functions, give their bodies a higher rating."

Experts emphasize that the inability to correctly decode internal signals, such as feelings of fullness or hunger, contributes to a negative body image because of an over-reliance on external characteristics related to appearance (e.g., shape and size).

An active lifestyle improves not only the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal system, but also provides protection against many diseases, rejuvenates the body, and prolongs life. Well-chosen workouts improve mood, sleep quality, and blood circulation, and reduce high blood pressure and the risk of heart disease. And even here, variety is great: you can walk, jog, dance, do aerobics, and ride a bike. You must realize that life only happens in motion, so you must move as much as possible.

It is important to know that even the way a human breathes affects their health. Improper breathing is dangerous, because less oxygen enters the lungs, which means that the functions of other organs can be impaired due to oxygen imbalance. The skin condition depends on the lungs: there is a high risk of wrinkles with a violation of gas exchange.

You need to quit bad habits: any addiction leads to physiological and psychological problems. Smoking increases the risk of premature death by 40 %, and smoking one pack a day by as much as 400 %. You should limit your alcohol intake, as excessive consumption of alcohol increases the risk of cancer, heart disease, cirrhosis, and others.

Body health depends firstly on lifestyle. Therefore, it is the human who is fully responsible for the condition of their body. Keeping the body in shape helps to prevent the development of many diseases, improve overall health, maintain it, and high activity for years to come.