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List of Abbreviations

AmE American English

BNC British National Corpus

BrE British English

CALD Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary

CEPC Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary

CEPD Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary

CIDE Cambridge International Dictionary of English

CLIL Content and Language Integrated Learning

CMC Computer Modulated Communication

COCA The Corpus of Contemporary American English

CUP Cambridge University Press

DiVa Digitala Ventenskapligiga Arkivet (Swedish academic archive online)

D-T German Teacher (informant)

EE Estuary English

EFL English as a Foreign Language

EIL English as International Language

EiM English in Mind 11e

ELF English as a Lingua Franca

EMF English as a Multilingual Franca

ENL English as a Native Language

EngEng English English

ESL English as a Second Language

EULA Europalehramt (European Teacher Courses)

FBLL Film-based Language Learning

GA General American English

GUPEA Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive

HoPro Hohe Promenade (Senior High School in Zurich)

HOTS High Order Thinking Skills

ICT Information and Communication Technologies

IDEA The International Dialects of English Archive

KHK Kollegium Heilig Kreuz (Senior High School in Fribourg, Switzerland)

KJV King James Version (Bible)

LFC Lingua Franca Core

LPD Longman Pronunciation Dictionary

MAE Mid-Atlantic English

NAmEng North American English

NNS Non-Native Speakers

NS Native Speakers

OALD Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary

OAWD Oxford American Wordpower Dictionary

OEC Oxford English Corpus

OED Oxford English Dictionary

OILE Online Informal Learning of English

OSD Oxford Student’s Dictionary

OUP Oxford University Press

OW Oxford Wordpower

PH Pädagogische Hochschule, Freiburg, Germany (University of Education)

R Rank

RP Received Pronunciation

RSC Royal Shakespeare Company

SOED Shorter Oxford English Dictionary

TBL Task-Based Learning

THG Theodor Heuss Gymnasium (Senior High School in Freiburg, Germany)

UK United Kingdom

US United States

VOA Voice of America

VOICE Vienna-Oxford International Corpus of English

WSSE World Standard Spoken English