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Antonio de Morga. History of the Philippine Islands
History of the Philippine Islands
Table of Contents
PREFACE
Chapter III details the events of Gonzalo Ronquillo de Pefialosa's administration and the interim of government of Diego Ronquillo. Events, with the greater stability constantly given the islands, follow more quickly. Gonzalo de Peñalosa, by an agreement with the king, is to take six hundred colonists—married and single—to the islands, in return for which he is to be governor for life. He establishes the town of Arevalo in Panay, builds the Chinese Parián, endeavors, although unsuccessfully, to discover a return passage to Nueva España, by the South Sea, and despatches "a ship to Peru with merchandise to trade for certain goods which he said that the Filipinas needed." He imposes the two per cent export duty on goods to Nueva España, and the three per cent duty on Chinese merchandise, and "although he was censured for having done this without his Majesty's orders" they "remained in force, and continued to be imposed thenceforward." The first expedition in aid of Tidore is sent for the conquest of the island of Ternate, but proves a failure. Cagayan is first pacified, and the town of Nueva Cáceres founded. Gabriel de Rivera, after an expedition to Borneo, is sent to Spain to consult the best interests of the islands. Domingo de Salazar receives his appointment as bishop, and is accompanied to the islands by Antonio Sedeño and Alonso Sanchez, the first Jesuits in the islands. In 1583 Gonzalo de Peñalosa dies, and is succeeded by his kinsman Diego Ronquillo. Shortly after occurs Manila's first disastrous fire, but the city is rebuilt, although with difficulty. In consequence of Rivera's trip to Spain, the royal Audiencia of Manila is established with Santiago de Vera as its president and governor of the islands
Chapter V deals with the term of Gomez Perez Dasmariñas and the interims of Pedro de Rojas and Luis Perez Dasmariñas. The term of the new governor is characterized by his great energy and enthusiasm. The Manila wall and other fortifications, the building of galleys, the regulation of trade, various pacifications, the rebuilding of Manila, and the opening of negotiations with Japan, are all a part of his administration, and he is the inspirer of them all. The first note to the future expeditions to, and troubles with, Camboja and Siam is struck by an embassy from the first country in charge of Diego Belloso with offers of trade and friendship and requests for aid against Siam, the latter being at the time deferred. In accordance with his great desire to conquer Ternate, the governor fits out a great fleet in 1593, sending the advance vessels to the Pintados in care of his son. Shortly after, leaving the city in charge of Diego Ronquillo, although with too few troops for defense, Gomez Perez sets out to join his son, but is assassinated by his Chinese rowers, who mutiny and make off with the galley. After his death, the contests for his office begin, for the dead governor had assured various people that they would be appointed in case of his death. Especially had he done this with Estevan Rodriguez de Figueroa, a wealthy man of the Pintados, to whom he "had shown an appointment drawn in his favor." In Manila, Pedro de Rojas, lieutenant-assessor, is chosen governor ad interim, but after forty days Luis Perez Dasmariñas takes the office by virtue of an appointment regularly drawn in his favor. The return of the troops to Manila proves an efficacious relief from fears of a Chinese invasion. The vessels sent to Nueva España in 1593 fail to make the voyage because of stormy weather, but the governor's death is learned in Spain by way of India. The troubles between the bishop and governor culminate somewhat before the latter's death, in the departure of the former for Spain, as a result of which an archbishopric with suffragan bishops is established in the islands, and the Audiencia is reëstablished. The office of lieutenant-assessor is given more weight and Morga is sent out to fill it in 1595 under its changed title of lieutenant-governor. In the administration of Luis Perez Dasmariñas affairs begin actively with Camboja through the expedition despatched under Juan Xuarez Gallinato, and Blas Ruiz de Hernan Gonzalez and Diego Belloso. The governor, completely under the influence of the Dominicans, although against the advice of the "majority of people in the city" sends a fleet to Camboja. Gallinato fails to reach that country until after Blas Ruiz and Belloso have quarreled with the Chinese there, killed the usurping Cambodian king, Anacaparan, and thrown the country into confusion. Much to their displeasure Gallinato refuses to continue the conquest, chides the others harshly, and departs for Manila by way of Cochinchina. At Cochinchina Blas Ruiz and Belloso go to the kingdom of Lao to find the legitimate king of Camboja, Prauncar. On their arrival they find that he has died, but partly through their efforts and those of two Malays, the king's younger son, who still survives, is placed on the throne. Gallinato experiences difficulty in Cochinchina, where he endeavors to regain the standard and various other articles from the galley of Gomez Perez that had been stolen by the Chinese, but finally returns safely to Manila. Meanwhile Estevan Rodriguez de Figueroa agrees to subdue Mindanao at his own expense, in return for which he is to have its governorship for two generations. In pursuance of this he fits out a large expedition, but shortly after reaching the island is killed in a fight and ambush, whereupon his first commanding officer Juan de la Xara schemes to continue the expedition, and establishes his men in a settlement near Tampacan, called Murcia
THE EDITORS
SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS
SVCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS. DIRIGIDO. A DON CRISTOVAL GOMEZ DE
POR EL DOCTOR ANTONIO DE MORGA,
EN MEXICO
EVENTS IN THE FILIPINAS ISLANDS
DEDICATED. TO DON CRISTOVAL GOMEZ DE
BY DOCTOR ANTONIO DE MORGA,
IN MEXICO
EVENTS IN THE FILIPINAS ISLANDS
JUAN SANCHEZ
DON LUYS DE VELASCO
MARTIN LOPEZ GAUNA
DON ANTONIO DE MORGA [2]
¶ CHAPTER FIRST
¶CHAPTER SECOND
¶ CHAPTER THIRD
¶ CHAPTER FOURTH
¶ CHAPTER FIFTH
CHAPTER SIXTH
FRAY MARTIN DE LA ASCENCION
BLAS RUYZ DE HERNAN GONÇALES
FERNANDO DE LOS RIOS CORONEL
DON FRANCISCO TELLO
GASPAR DE AZEBO
DOCTOR ANTONIO DE MORGA. GASPAR DE AZEBO
DON FRANCISCO TELLO
GASPAR DE AZEBO
DON FRANCISCO TELLO
THE KING OF TIDORE
CHAPTER SEVENTH
ANDREA FURTADO DE MENDOÇA
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL DATA
APPENDIX A: EXPEDITION OF THOMAS CANDISH
APPENDIX B: EARLY YEARS OF THE DUTCH IN THE EAST INDIES
VOYAGE OF OLIVER VAN NOORDT
Volume II. HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
VOLUME II
ILLUSTRATIONS
PREFACE
THE EDITORS
SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS
EVENTS IN THE FILIPINAS ISLANDS. [172]
CHAPTER SEVENTH (concluded)
DON PEDRO DE ACUÑA
¶ CHAPTER EIGHTH
NOTES
