Читать книгу In Search of the Swan Maiden - Barbara Fass Leavy - Страница 6
Contents
ОглавлениеGenesis: Belles Dames sans Merci, Swan Maidens, Demon Lovers
The Swan Maiden Tale: A Summary
Woman as “Other”
Folk Narratives and Fantasy: Narrative as Self-expression
Quest or Search: Gender Significance in Two Story Patterns
Acknowledgments
CHAPTER 1 Introduction: The Dangerous Adventure
Antithetical Stories: The Captured Fairy Bride and the Woman Abducted by a Demon Lover
The Symbolic Otherworld
Impossible Tasks: The Literary Critic as Folklorist
Problems of Folklore Methodology
Genre Criticism: Myth, Legend, Folktale
Fakelore and the Folklore Purist
Discredited Theories
Problems of Interpretation: Fieldwork and Textual Analysis
Culture Specificity versus the Universalist Approach to Folklore
Text Contamination: From Folk Narrators to Folklore Collectors
Varieties of Folktale “Translation”
Definition of the “Folk”
Women and Men: Differences in Story Choice, Narration, and Folklore Gathering
Variability of Patriarchy: Degrees of Female Autonomy
Narrative Reconstruction: The Role of Folktale Variants
CHAPTER 2 Urvaśī and the Swan Maidens: The Runaway Wife
Swan Maidens Who Are Not Swans
The Meaning of the Swan as Signifier of the Story Type
Swan and Serpent: Odette and Odile
Gender Conflict in the Sanskrit Tale of Purūravas and Urvaśī: Urvaśī as Swan Maiden
Myths of Romantic Love: Realism in the Swan Maiden Tale
Swan Maidens and Valkyries: The Immortal Brides of the Icelandic Saga
Kidnap and Rape: The Capture of the Swan Maiden
How the Swan Maiden Becomes a Captive Bride
The Swan Maiden’s Domestic Life
How the Swan Maiden Regains Her Freedom
Female Bonding in the Swan Maiden Tale
The Swan Maiden’s Enforced Separation from Her Sisters
Woman as Socializer of Other Women in a Man’s World
An Example from Anthropology: The Cameroon Mermaid Rites
Whose Story Is It? The Escaped Swan Maiden and the Husband Who Wants Her Back
Urvaśī and the Gandharvas
Triangular Relationships
Swan Maiden, Husband, Supernatural Spouse
Mortal Woman, Husband, Demon Lover
Conflict and Fantasy: Fidelity to the Otherworld
The Ballad of “The Demon Lover” (Child 243): An Analysis
Shirley Jackson’s Demonic Seducer: James Harris
The Collapse of the Triangle: The Ordinary Husband as Demon Lover
Devils and Witches
Wildness and Civilization
Woman and Nature: Patriarchy and the Control of Woman
The Unmarried Woman: Widows, Spinsters, and Other Deviants
The Swan Maiden as Witch
Witches and Fairies
Animals as Demon Lovers
The North American Star Husband Tales
Animal Groom Tales: Cupids and Psyches, Beauties and Beasts, Frog, Princes—and Others
The Paradox of the Search for the Lost Husband: Active Heroine or, Penitent Wife?
Swan Maidens in Animal Groom Tales
Cupid, Psyche, and the Realities of Wedlock
The Reluctant Bride: Exogamous Marriages
Bestiality
Bruno Bettelheim and the Animal Groom Cycle: Errors and Insights
Importance of Gender in the Tales and Their Tellers
Fathers and Mothers in Animal Groom Tales
The Lohengrin Legend: Swan Maidens, Swan Knights, and Swan Children
Civilizing the Beast: Woman’s Role in Culture
Taboo Motifs: Narrative Devices and Thematically Significant Story Elements
Defying the Taboo: Psyche’s Quest for Consciousness
The Variability of Psyche
Obedient Psyches
Willful Psyches: Taming the Shrew
Greedy Psyches
Psyche as Patient Griselda: The Prototype of the Dutiful Wife
Obedient and Disobedient Daughters
Lascivious and Perverse Psyches
Courageous Psyches
Psyche and Consciousness Raising: Sisterhood and Power
Sexual Awakening and Sexual Repression
Metamorphoses: Taming the Beast
Nature and Culture: The Price of Disenchantment
Mutual Disenchantments
Rhetoric and the Cupid and Psyche Tale
CHAPTER 5 Swan Maiden and Incubus
The Incubi as Purūravas’s Rival
Incubus as Demon Lover and Incubus as Nightmare Dream
A Transformation: From Folklore to Demonology
The Mar-Wife Story: Swan Maiden as Nightmare Demon
The Mare in Nightmare: The Gender and Sexual Significance of Horses and Riders
Secret Visits to the Otherworld: Witches’ Sabbaths, Supernatural Revels, and Other Orgies
The Fear of Woman
Inquisitions and Exorcisms: Mutilations and Executions
The Heretical Swan Maiden
From Nature Spirit to Incubus—and the Reverse
Swan Maiden and Demon Lover as Dream Figures: Theoretical Aspects
The Collective and Individual Nature of Dreams
The Danger of the Dreaming Woman: Literary and Folkloristic Examples
Fallen Angels: Genesis 6
Lilith: Liberated Woman as Demon
Natural and Unnatural Mothers: Swan Maidens, Lilith, La Llorona, Medea
The Demon Child: Changelings and Other Deviant Children in Folklore, Literature, and Film
The Devil Baby of Hull House and the Abuse of Woman
Handsome and the Beastess: A Neglected Story Pattern
The Slaughter of the Swan Maiden
Two Different Swan Maiden Story Patterns
The Swan as Captured Fairy Bride
The Swan as Enchanted Mortal Woman
The Significance of Happy Endings: Swan Maidens Who Wish to Be Won Back
The Mysterious Housekeeper Stories: The Domestic Swan Maiden
Struggles for Power: The Master-Maid
Male Passivity
The Woman as Performer of Superhuman Tasks
The Enchanted Woman Who Must Disenchant Herself
The Disenchanted Woman: Diminished Power and Status
Jason and Medea Folktales: Medea as Swan Maiden
The Tale of the Three Oranges: Marriage and Dependency
Fair and Foul: Loathly Ladies and Black Swans
Substitute Brides: The Ideal of the Perfect Wife
Myths of Feminine Evil: The Repellent Animal Bride
The Wild Woman
The Animal in the Animal Brides
The Female Werewolf and Other Demon Animals
The Vagina Dentata Motif
The Impurity of the Menstruating Woman
Russalka and the Forcibly Domesticated Wife
Melusine and Other Serpent Brides: The Phallic Woman
Disenchantment as Mutilation
Woman and Exorcism
The Fearful Kiss and the Disappointed Animal Bride: Examples of Unbroken Enchantments
Broken Taboos and Wife Abuse in Animal Bride Tales
The Swan Maiden Tale from a Man’s Point of View
Folklore and the Myth of Orpheus and Eurydice
Fairylands and Infernos: The Romance of Sir Orfeo
Eurydice as Swan Maiden: Victim or Demon?
Orpheus’s Failure and Patriarchal Power
Models of Masculinity
Myths of Male Superiority
Ineffectual Husbands
Orpheus and the Broken Taboo
The Abused Wife: Varieties of Marital Failure
Confused Orpheuses: What Does Woman Want?
Dependent Orpheuses
Anxious Husbands
Helpless Widowers
Abandoned Spouses
Misogynistic Orpheuses
Separation from the Female Parent: Witches, Mothers, and Mothers-in-Law
The Oedipal Split: Fathers, Demon Lovers, and Other Male Models
The Vulnerability of Orpheus
CHAPTER 8 Etain’s Two Husbands: The Swan Maiden’s Choice
Purūravas’s Ascent to the Gods and the Allure of the Real World
Swan Maidens Who Choose the Human World
The Demon Lover as Trickster: Outwitting the Diabolical Seducer
The Wager for the Swan Maiden: Etain, Damayanti, and the Gambling Game
The Folktale of “The Two Husbands”
Nuclear Families in Folktales: The Symbolically Integrated Personality
Choice and Fantasy: Choice as Fantasy
The Dancing Dress: Ibsen’s Nora as Swan Maiden
Nora’s Choice
Folktales and Runaway Wives
