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PLACE NAMES

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The spelling of place names in Anglo-Saxon England was an uncertain business, with no consistency and no agreement even about the name itself. Thus London was variously rendered as Lundonia, Lundenberg, Lundenne, Lundene, Lundenwic, Lundenceaster and Lundres. Doubtless some readers will prefer other versions of the names listed below, but I have usually employed whichever spelling is cited in either the Oxford or the Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names for the years nearest to AD 900, but even that solution is not foolproof. Hayling Island, in 956, was written as both Heilincigae and Hæglingaiggæ. Nor have I been consistent myself; I should spell England as Englaland, and have preferred the modern form Northumbria to Norðhymbralond to avoid the suggestion that the boundaries of the ancient kingdom coincide with those of the modern county. So this list, like the spellings themselves, is capricious.

Æsc’s Hill Ashdown, Berkshire
Afen River Avon, Wiltshire
Beamfleot Benfleet, Essex
Bearddan Igge Bardney, Lincolnshire
Bebbanburg Bamburgh Castle, Northumberland
Bedehal Beadnell, Northumberland
Beorgford Burford, Oxfordshire
Botulfstan Boston, Lincolnshire
Buchestanes Buxton, Derbyshire
Ceaster Chester, Cheshire
Ceodre Cheddar, Somerset
Cesterfelda Chesterfield, Derbyshire
Cirrenceastre Cirencester, Gloucestershire
Coddeswold Hills The Cotswolds, Gloucestershire
Cornwalum Cornwall
Cumbraland Cumbria
Dunholm Durham, County Durham
Dyflin Dublin, Eire
Eoferwic York, Yorkshire
Ethandun Edington, Wiltshire
Exanceaster Exeter, Devon
Fagranforda Fairford, Gloucestershire
Farnea Islands Farne Islands, Northumberland
Flaneburg Flamborough, Yorkshire
Foirthe River Forth, Scotland
The Gewæsc The Wash
Gleawecestre Gloucester, Gloucestershire
Grimesbi Grimsby, Lincolnshire
Haithabu Hedeby, Denmark
Humbre River Humber
Liccelfeld Lichfield, Staffordshire
Lindcolne Lincoln, Lincolnshire
Lindisfarena Lindisfarne (Holy Island), Northumberland
Lundene London
Mærse River Mersey
Pencric Penkridge, Staffordshire
Sæfern River Severn
Sceapig Isle of Sheppey, Kent
Snotengaham Nottingham, Nottinghamshire
Tameworþig Tamworth, Staffordshire
Temes River Thames
Teotanheale Tettenhall, West Midlands
Tofeceaster Towcester, Northamptonshire
Uisc River Exe
Wiltunscir Wiltshire
Wintanceaster Winchester, Hampshire
Wodnesfeld Wednesbury, West Midlands
The Pagan Lord

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