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PLACE NAMES
ОглавлениеThe spelling of place names in Anglo-Saxon England was an uncertain business, with no consistency and no agreement even about the name itself. Thus London was variously rendered as Lundonia, Lundenberg, Lundenne, Lundene, Lundenwic, Lundenceaster and Lundres. Doubtless some readers will prefer other versions of the names listed below, but I have usually employed whichever spelling is cited in either the Oxford or the Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names for the years nearest to AD 900, but even that solution is not foolproof. Hayling Island, in 956, was written as both Heilincigae and Hæglingaiggæ. Nor have I been consistent myself; I should spell England as Englaland, and have preferred the modern form Northumbria to Norðhymbralond to avoid the suggestion that the boundaries of the ancient kingdom coincide with those of the modern county. So this list, like the spellings themselves, is capricious.
Baddan Byrig | Badbury Rings, Dorset |
Beamfleot | Benfleet, Essex |
Bebbanburg | Bamburgh, Northumberland |
Bedanford | Bedford, Bedfordshire |
Blaneford | Blandford Forum, Dorset |
Buccingahamm | Buckingham, Bucks |
Buchestanes | Buxton, Derbyshire |
Ceaster | Chester, Cheshire |
Cent | County of Kent |
Cippanhamm | Chippenham, Wiltshire |
Cirrenceastre | Cirencester, Gloucestershire |
Contwaraburg | Canterbury, Kent |
Cyninges Tun | Kingston upon Thames, Greater London |
Cracgelad | Cricklade, Wiltshire |
Cumbraland | Cumberland |
Cytringan | Kettering, Northants |
Dumnoc | Dunwich, Suffolk |
Dunholm | Durham, County Durham |
Eanulfsbirig | St Neot, Cambridgeshire |
Eleg | Ely, Cambridgeshire |
Eoferwic | York, Yorkshire (called Jorvik by the Danes) |
Exanceaster | Exeter, Devon |
Fagranforda | Fairford, Gloucestershire |
Fearnhamme | Farnham, Surrey |
Fifhidan | Fyfield, Wiltshire |
Fughelness | Foulness Island, Essex |
Gegnesburh | Gainsborough, Lincolnshire |
Gleawecestre | Gloucester, Gloucestershire |
Grantaceaster | Cambridge, Cambridgeshire |
Hothlege, River | Hadleigh Ray, Essex |
Hrofeceastre | Rochester, Kent |
Humbre, River | River Humber |
Huntandon | Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire |
Liccelfeld | Lichfield, Staffordshire |
Lindisfarena | Lindisfarne (Holy Island), Northumberland |
Lundene | London |
Medwæg, River | River Medway, Kent |
Natangrafum | Notgrove, Gloucestershire |
Oxnaforda | Oxford, Oxfordshire |
Ratumacos | Rouen, Normandy, France |
Rochecestre | Wroxeter, Shropshire |
Sarisberie | Salisbury, Wiltshire |
Sæfern | River Severn |
Sceaftesburi | Shaftesbury, Dorset |
Sceobyrig | Shoebury, Essex |
Scrobbesburh | Shrewsbury, Shropshire |
Snotengaham | Nottingham, Nottinghamshire |
Sumorsæte | Somerset |
Temes, River | River Thames |
Thornsæta | Dorset |
Tofeceaster | Towcester, Northamptonshire |
Trente, River | River Trent |
Turcandene | Turkdean, Gloucestershire |
Tweoxnam | Christchurch, Dorset |
Westune | Whitchurch, Shropshire |
Wiltunscir | Wiltshire |
Wimburnan | Wimborne, Dorset |
Wintanceaster | Winchester, Hampshire |
Wygraceaster | Worcester, Worcestershire |